Teachers are moving from classroom to classroom. Nurses working long hospital shifts. Retail employees stand, walk, and help customers for hours at a time. These roles demand energy, focus, and the right gear to support you through it all.

And yet, socks are often overlooked.

The truth is, the right pair of socks can be the difference between ending your day feeling energized… or completely drained.

This guide breaks down exactly what to look for and why more professionals are upgrading their sock drawers.

Why Your Job Demands Better Socks

Let’s start with what your day actually looks like.

●      Teachers: Constant movement, long-standing hours, minimal downtime

●      Nurses: Extended shifts, high-pressure environments, nonstop walking

●      Retail workers: Hard floors, repetitive movement, long periods on your feet

These aren’t casual conditions. They put real strain on your legs and feet.

Common issues include:

●      Foot fatigue

●      Swelling in the ankles and calves

●      Soreness by the end of the day

●      Socks slipping, bunching, or digging in

If your socks aren’t designed for this level of demand, your body feels it.

What Comfortable Socks Really Mean

Comfort isn’t just softness—it’s performance.

For professionals on their feet, the right socks should provide:

All-Day Support

Your socks should help your legs feel better as the day goes on—not worse.

Stay-Up Fit

No slipping down into your shoes or constant adjusting.

Breathability

Moisture-wicking materials keep your feet dry and comfortable.

Pressure That Works for You

Some people need gentle support. Others need more structured compression. That’s where choosing the right type of sock becomes essential.

Compression vs. Relaxed Fit: What’s Best for You?

Different jobs—and different bodies—need different levels of support.

Compression Socks: For High-Demand Days

Compression socks are a go-to for many nurses, retail workers, and active professionals.

They apply graduated pressure to help:

●      Improve circulation

●      Reduce swelling

●      Minimize leg fatigue

If you regularly end your shift with tired, heavy legs, compression socks can make a noticeable difference.

They’re also available in both men’s and women’s fits, ensuring proper sizing and comfort for every wearer.

Non-Binding (EasyStretch™) Socks: For Gentle Comfort

If you prefer a more relaxed feel or experience sensitivity in your calves, non-binding socks are a great option.

They offer:

●      A soft, stretchy fit without tight elastic

●      Reduced pressure around the leg

●      All-day comfort without restriction

These are especially helpful for teachers or retail workers who want comfort without compression.

What Professionals Are Wearing Now

There’s been a noticeable shift in what people wear under their work shoes. Gone are the days of basic, low-quality socks that wear out quickly and offer little support. More professionals are choosing socks designed specifically for long hours and performance.

The Fit Factor: Why Gender-Specific Options Matter

One detail that often gets overlooked? Fit.

Men’s and women’s socks aren’t just labeled differently—they’re designed differently.

●      Men’s fits typically accommodate larger foot sizes and broader proportions

●      Women’s fits are tailored for a more precise, contoured feel

Choosing the right fit ensures:

●      Better support

●      Less slipping or bunching

●      Improved overall comfort

When you’re wearing socks for 8–12+ hours, these details matter.

A Smart Upgrade for Your Workweek

If you’re working multiple long shifts each week, having the right socks isn’t a luxury—it’s essential.

That’s where multi-pair options come in.

Instead of constantly rotating worn-out pairs, you can stock up on high-quality socks designed for daily use.

Check out bundle options here.

It’s a simple way to ensure you always have reliable, supportive socks ready for every shift.

Small Change, Big Difference

Think about how much time you spend on your feet each week.

Now imagine improving that experience with one simple upgrade.

Better socks can mean:

●      Less fatigue at the end of your shift

●      More consistent comfort throughout the day

●      Fewer distractions from discomfort

It’s a small change that adds up quickly.

Step Into a More Comfortable Workday

You take care of your students, your patients, and your customers.

It’s time to take better care of your feet.

Upgrade from worn-out, basic socks to options designed for real-world demands—whether that’s compression for support or non-binding comfort for flexibility.

Explore what today’s professionals are choosing or stock up on work-ready essentials.

Because when your feet

Although these medications are not FDA-approved for T1D, their off-label use is increasing — particularly among individuals with overweight, obesity, or insulin resistance. Still, overall use in the T1D population remains relatively limited, despite its potential to lower A1C, reduce insulin needs, promote weight loss, and provide broader health benefits.

To better understand the real-world benefits and risks of GLP-1s, we spoke with Diana Isaacs, PharmD, CDCES, an endocrine clinical pharmacist at the Cleveland Clinic. 

Is there movement toward GLP-1 approval in type 1 diabetes? 

[Diana Isaacs]: Studies are underway, but nothing has been submitted to the FDA for approval yet. For example, Lilly is funding a study looking at tirzepatide in type 1 diabetes — although the focus appears to be on obesity. 

In type 1, there are also glycemic benefits, so ideally, approval would extend beyond weight management. A BMI over 27 should allow someone to qualify for a GLP-1, and many people meet that threshold — about 70% of people with T1D have overweight or obesity, which is similar to the general population.

But again, health benefits may extend beyond weight loss. 

What benefits are people with T1D most likely to see?  

A recent retrospective study using real-world data compared people with T1D taking these agents with those who are not — so it likely included those with and without obesity. 

The findings for those taking GLP-1s were encouraging, showing improvements in cardiovascular and kidney health. This suggests that some of the cardio-renal benefits we’re seeing in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) may likely extend to people with T1D. 

What’s the thought behind “microdosing” GLP-1s? 

It’s kind of an unknown and emerging area right now, and I think that’s why the focus has been on elevated BMIs. 

The idea is that even at really low doses, GLP-1s may help lower A1C, reduce post-meal hyperglycemia, and decrease insulin needs — even in people with T1D.

Many individuals living with T1D develop some degree of insulin resistance over time. However, people at lower body weights may be more sensitive to these medications and experience side effects — even when starting on the lowest dose. 

Anecdotally, this is what I see people experiencing. 

With medications like Ozempic and semaglutide, it’s easy for people to start at a lower dose and increase slowly — because it’s available in a multi-dose pen. This can help minimize common gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, diarrhea, burping, and excessive appetite suppression. 

Can GLP-1s increase DKA risk in T1D? 

There is a slight increased risk, and it’s an important consideration with T1D. 

When appetite is suppressed, people may eat less and take less insulin. This can increase someone’s risk of burning fat for energy and producing ketones — even when glucose levels aren’t very high.

DKA can also occur when someone has device issues or is feeling sick, has nausea or vomiting, and isn’t hungry — so they’re not eating, and total insulin levels drop. In both scenarios, basal insulin alone may not be enough to prevent DKA.

Unlike people without diabetes, those with T1D cannot produce enough insulin to prevent full-blown metabolic acidosis.

Because of this: 

• Glucose alone isn’t always the best indicator of DKA 

• Ketones should be checked if you feel nauseous or have a low appetite  

Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems can help by adjusting basal (background) insulin, but carbohydrate ratios and correction factors will still need to be updated. For those on injections, both basal and bolus insulin doses will likely need adjustments. Because of this, there’s also an increased risk of hypoglycemia. 

How do GLP-1s affect insulin needs? 

GLP-1s stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release. But in type 1 diabetes, this effect is minimal or absent because beta cell function is limited. 

Instead, they work through several other mechanisms: 

• Suppressing glucagon production, reducing the amount of glucose released by the liver 

• Slowing gastric emptying, leading to a more gradual release of glucose into the bloodstream, less post-meal glucose spikes, and decreased mealtime insulin needs 

• Reducing appetite, resulting in lower food intake 

• Improving insulin sensitivity, helping the body to use insulin more effectively 

Excess glucagon can drive increased liver glucose production. That’s why the mechanism of lowering glucagon is thought to be a key reason for a decrease in insulin needs. 

Combined with improved satiety and more stable post-meal glucose levels, many people require less insulin overall. 

How do GLP-1s affect Time in Range? 

Time in Range appears to improve with GLP-1 therapy. 

Both retrospective and prospective studies — including those on tirzepatide and semaglutide — show: 

• Increased CGM Time in Range 

• Reduced hyperglycemia 

• Improved glycemic variability 

Wearing a CGM also helps people identify and treat hypoglycemia — and guide necessary insulin adjustments. 

How common is GLP-1 use in T1D? 

I think it depends on where people live and who their diabetes provider is. Primary care providers may not feel as comfortable prescribing these medications as endocrinologists do. 

If I had to guess, I’d say around 5%, but I don’t know for sure. GLP-1s are becoming much more readily available and affordable through telehealth, so their use is likely to grow significantly. 

What does long-term data show? 

So far, long-term data looks good. 

We’ve had this class of medications since 2005, when exenatide was first approved. Current evidence shows positive benefits for cardiovascular and kidney disease. There does not appear to be an increased risk of cancer.

However, there are important considerations: 

• Too much appetite suppression may lead to nutritional deficiencies 

• Poor nutrition can lead to fatigue, hair loss, and muscle loss 

Working with a registered dietitian and your diabetes care team is essential for: 

• Nutritional guidance  

• Insulin adjustments 

• Managing side effects 

• Maintaining muscle and bone health

GLP-1s should be used thoughtfully, especially given the increased risk of disordered eating in T1D. 

Can you take metformin and a GLP-1? 

Yes, but in T1D, it’s often unnecessary to take both. Many people taking metformin are happy to stop once they start on a GLP-1 due to: 

• Metformin’s possible ineffectiveness 

• Fewer medications  

• Overlapping gastrointestinal side effects 

What are the broader protective effects of GLP-1s? 

GLP-1 receptors are found throughout the body, which is why these medications are being studied for a wide range of conditions, including: 

• Cardiovascular disease 

• Kidney disease 

• Peripheral artery disease 

• Sleep apnea 

• Osteoarthritis 

• Metabolic liver disease 

Now the question is — are these benefits driven primarily by weight loss, or do GLP-1s offer direct physiological effects?

Research is ongoing, but the potential is significant. 

Wrapping it up  

GLP-1 therapies are emerging as a promising tool in type 1 diabetes. While off-label, they may help to improve Time in Range, reduce insulin needs, and offer broader health benefits. Careful monitoring and individualized support are essential as their use continues to grow. 

The post Ask the Expert: Diana Isaacs on Benefits, Risks, and Real-World Use of GLP-1s in T1D appeared first on T1D Exchange.

For most people, the answer is: not recently. Socks tend to fall into the “out of sight, out of mind” category—until they start causing discomfort, slipping down your heel, or developing those all-too-familiar holes.

But here’s the truth: your socks play a bigger role in your daily comfort, foot health, and even performance than you might think. If your sock drawer is filled with stretched-out, worn-out pairs, it’s time for an upgrade.

Let’s break down why replacing your old socks isn’t just a small refresh—it’s a meaningful improvement to your everyday life.

1. Worn-Out Socks Compromise Comfort

Old socks lose their structure over time. The elastic stretches out, the cushioning flattens, and the fabric becomes rough.

What does that mean for you?

●      Socks that slide down inside your shoes

●      Uneven pressure points that cause irritation

●      Reduced cushioning that leads to foot fatigue

If you’re on your feet all day—whether at work, traveling, or exercising—this can add up quickly. Fresh, well-designed socks provide consistent support and a snug (but not tight) fit that stays in place.

2. They Can Affect Foot Health

This is where things get more serious.

Worn-out socks can contribute to:

●      Increased friction → blisters

●      Poor moisture control → odor and fungal issues

●      Tight or degraded elastic → restricted circulation

If you’ve ever ended a long day with sore, swollen feet, your socks may be part of the problem.

Upgrading to purpose-built options, such as compression or non-binding socks, can make a noticeable difference. For example, compression socks help promote healthy circulation, while non-binding socks reduce pressure around the calf.

If you’re not sure which type is right for you, this guide breaks down the differences and helps you choose based on your needs.

3. Your Lifestyle Has Evolved—Your Socks Should Too

Think about how your daily routine has changed over time.

Maybe you:

●      Spend more hours on your feet

●      Travel more frequently

●      Work in a professional environment

●      Prioritize comfort and wellness more than you used to

Your socks should reflect that.

Basic, low-quality socks might have worked in the past, but today’s demands require better performance. Modern socks are designed with features like:

●      Graduated compression

●      Seamless toes

●      Moisture-wicking fabrics

●      Targeted cushioning

Even professionals are upgrading what they wear under dress shoes.

4. Old Socks Cost You More Than You Think

It might seem economical to keep wearing old socks, but they often cost you more in the long run.

Here’s how:

●      You replace cheap socks more frequently

●      You deal with discomfort that affects productivity

●      You risk foot issues that require treatment

High-quality socks are designed to last longer and perform better, meaning fewer replacements and a better overall experience.

Think of it less as spending more—and more as investing in something you use every single day.

5. A Simple Upgrade With Immediate Impact

Unlike many lifestyle upgrades that require major changes, replacing your socks is quick and easy.

There’s no learning curve. No complicated routine.

You simply:

1. Clear out worn-out pairs
2. Replace them with high-quality options
3. Enjoy better comfort instantly

It’s one of the few upgrades where the benefits are immediate—and noticeable from the very first wear.

6. What to Look for in New Socks

If you’re ready to upgrade your sock drawer, here’s what matters most:

Fit That Stays in Place - No slipping, bunching, or sagging.

Breathable, Moisture-Wicking Fabric - Keeps your feet dry and comfortable all day.

Proper Support - Whether that’s compression for circulation or a relaxed, non-binding fit for sensitive legs.

Durability - Socks that hold their shape and performance after multiple washes.

If circulation and all-day energy are priorities, explore our compression collection.

If you prefer a gentle, pressure-free fit, especially for sensitive legs, explore our non-binding options.

Time for a Sock Drawer Reset

Take a moment and think about your current sock drawer.

How many pairs:

●      Have holes?

●      Feel loose or stretched out?

●      Don’t stay up anymore?

If the answer is “more than a few,” it’s time.

Upgrading your socks isn’t just about replacing old items—it’s about improving how you feel throughout your day. Better socks mean better comfort, better support, and better performance in everything you do.

Make the Switch To Viasox Today

Don’t wait until your socks completely fall apart.

Start with a simple upgrade:

●      Replace your most worn-out pairs

●      Choose socks designed for your lifestyle

●      Experience the difference immediately

Your feet carry you through every step of your day. It’s time your socks actually supported them. Get shopping today!

Break the Blood Sugar Cycle
Managing blood sugar doesn’t have to feel overwhelming. This resource hub brings together trusted tools, practical guidance, and expert insights to help you take control with clarity and confidence.

Whether you’re navigating daily glucose swings, exploring GLP-1 therapies, or building sustainable habits, these resources are designed to support real-life decisions—simply and effectively.

Explore the tools below to find what works for you.

Tools, charts, and insights for improving blood sugar management.

 Blood Sugar Management Tools

 GLP-1 Insights

SMARTYS Method Worksheet

Emergency Preparedness Checklist 

Blood sugar management is the key to effective diabetes control. Your glucose levels tell a story about your health, reflecting how well your body processes food, responds to stress, and maintains energy. In this article, we’ll break down the science of blood sugar, what your numbers mean, and how to interpret them for improved well-being.

What Is Blood Sugar?

Blood sugar, or blood glucose, is the fuel your body relies on for energy. It comes primarily from carbohydrates in the food you eat and circulates through your bloodstream to nourish your cells. The hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas, helps regulate this process by allowing glucose to enter cells or be stored for later use.

The Importance of Monitoring Blood Sugar

Regular monitoring helps you:

• Detect high (hyperglycemia) and low (hypoglycemia) levels early.
• Adjust your diet, physical activity, and medications effectively.
• Reduce the risk of complications like heart disease, kidney issues, and nerve damage.

Blood Sugar Ranges You Should Know

• Fasting (before meals): 80-130 mg/dL
• After meals (1-2 hours post-eating): Less than 180 mg/dL
• HbA1c (average over 2-3 months): Target generally less than 7%

Note: Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized targets.

What Your Readings Reveal

1. Consistently High Numbers:
   • May suggest insulin resistance, improper medication management, or high carbohydrate intake.
   • Increases risk for complications if left unmanaged.
2. Frequent Low Readings:
   • Could indicate too much insulin, skipped meals, or unplanned physical activity.
   • Symptoms include shakiness, confusion, and in severe cases, unconsciousness.
3. Wide Fluctuations:
   • Often due to inconsistent eating habits, stress, hormonal shifts, or irregular medication schedules.

Factors That Impact Blood Sugar

• Diet: Carbs raise blood sugar; fiber, protein, and healthy fats help stabilize it.
• Physical Activity: Exercise increases insulin sensitivity, lowering glucose.
• Stress: Elevates cortisol, which can spike blood sugar.
• Illness: Triggers stress responses, potentially causing high readings.
• Medications: Both diabetes and non-diabetes drugs can influence levels.

How to Get Accurate Readings

• Clean hands thoroughly before testing.
• Use a reliable glucometer or continuous glucose monitor (CGM).
• Test consistently at recommended times.
• Log your readings to identify trends and patterns.

When to Call Your Doctor

• Blood sugar levels consistently above 300 mg/dL or below 70 mg/dL.
• Symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): rapid breathing, fruity breath, severe fatigue.
• Frequent severe hypoglycemic episodes.

Final Thoughts

Blood sugar readings aren’t just numbers—they’re insights into your body’s health. By understanding what they mean, you can take proactive steps to manage your diabetes and improve your quality of life.

Ready to take charge of your diabetes? Sign up for our exclusive Diabetes Coaching Program and learn how to master your numbers for a healthier future!

Science, Soul, and the Future of Wellness

By Nadia Al-Samarrie, Publisher, Diabetes Health

In the first two parts of this series, we explored how GLP-1 medications work in the body and why scientists are now studying their potential role in reducing inflammation in both the body and the brain.

These therapies were originally developed to help regulate blood sugar and support metabolic health. But as research continues to evolve, scientists are beginning to ask a broader question:

Could GLP-1 signaling influence inflammation throughout the body — including the brain?

Understanding this connection may help reshape how we think about metabolic health, inflammation, and overall wellness.

The Idea of Small Biological Signals

Across several areas of modern research, scientists are discovering that the body sometimes responds best not to overwhelming interventions, but to smaller biological signals that help restore balance within existing systems.

In neuroscience research, scientists have explored the concept of micro-dosing — studying whether very small amounts of certain compounds may influence mood, cognition, and inflammation in the brain.

For example, early psychedelic research is examining whether extremely small doses of compounds such as psilocybin may influence neuroplasticity and immune signaling pathways.

Scientists are investigating how these compounds interact with serotonin receptors and whether they may affect cytokine signaling and inflammatory pathways in the brain.

This research remains early and exploratory, but it reflects a growing interest in how subtle biological signals might influence the body’s healing systems.

GLP-1 Therapies: A Different but Related Principle

GLP-1 medications are not described in the medical literature as micro-dosing therapies.

Instead, they are prescribed using dose titration, meaning physicians typically begin with a small dose and gradually increase it over time. This allows the body to adjust safely while minimizing side effects.

What makes GLP-1 therapies particularly interesting is that they work by enhancing a hormone signal the body already produces naturally.

GLP-1 is a hormone released from the gut after eating. It communicates with several organs — including the pancreas, stomach, brain, and cardiovascular system — helping regulate metabolism and energy balance.

Medications such as semaglutide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, and tirzepatide amplify this natural signaling pathway.

Rather than forcing the body into an artificial metabolic state, these therapies may help restore communication between metabolic systems that have become dysregulated.

The Inflammation Connection

Chronic inflammation is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor in many modern health conditions, including metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Because inflammation is increasingly linked to metabolic disease, cardiovascular health, and neurological conditions, scientists are exploring whether GLP-1 therapies may play a broader role in regulating inflammatory pathways.

Several studies have found that GLP-1 receptor activation may reduce inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in tissues throughout the body.

Researchers are now investigating whether these mechanisms may also influence inflammation in the brain, which scientists increasingly link to conditions such as cognitive decline and depression.

While research is still evolving, the relationship between GLP-1 signaling and inflammation is becoming an area of growing scientific interest.

A Broader View of Healing

Science often explains inflammation through molecules, immune responses, and cellular signaling pathways.

But for people living with chronic inflammation, the experience can feel much more personal.

Inflammation may show up as fatigue, brain fog, pain, or a constant sense of physical heaviness.

In many spiritual traditions, similar experiences are described using different language — sometimes as blocked or stagnant energy within the body.

Although science and spirituality use different frameworks, both perspectives often point to the same idea: the body functions best when its systems are in communication and balance.

When inflammation begins to calm — whether through lifestyle changes, improved metabolic health, or medical therapies — many people report something deeper than simple symptom relief.

They describe clarity.
Lightness.
A renewed sense of connection with their bodies.

Pain narrows our world.
Healing opens it back up.

When Science and Awareness Meet

At Diabetes Health, I believe the future of medicine lies in integration — where science meets awareness and the future of wellness.

The emerging research around GLP-1 signaling and inflammation reminds us that healing rarely belongs to just one organ or system. The body is a network of conversations between hormones, immune signals, nerves, and metabolism.

When therapies help restore those conversations, balance often follows.

And when inflammation begins to quiet, something remarkable can happen: we regain the space to feel present in our lives again.

As research continues, understanding the relationship between GLP-1 medications and inflammation may reshape how we think about metabolic health, brain health, and the future of healing.

Looking Ahead

In Part 4 of The GLP-1 Guide: Science, Soul, and the Future of Wellness, we’ll explore another rapidly emerging area of research:

The hidden link between GLP-1 medications and gut health — and why the microbiome may play a surprising role in metabolism, inflammation, and brain function.

If you’ve ever stepped out of the car after a long drive feeling stiff, swollen, or just plain uncomfortable, you’re not alone.

The good news? What you wear—especially on your feet—can make a huge difference.

Let’s break down how to stay comfortable, supported, and road trip ready from the first mile to the last.

The Hidden Challenge of Long Drives

Sitting for extended periods slows down circulation, particularly in your lower legs. When blood flow becomes sluggish, you may experience:

●      Swelling in your feet and ankles

●      Tingling or numbness

●      Muscle fatigue

●      General discomfort that lingers even after you arrive

This isn’t just inconvenient—it can impact how you feel for the rest of your trip.

That’s why choosing the right clothing, especially socks, is more important than most people realize.

Why Your Sock Choice Matters More Than You Think

When you’re seated for hours, your legs aren’t moving as much as they normally would. That lack of movement can cause fluid to pool in your lower extremities.

The right socks help counteract that.

Compression socks, in particular, are designed to gently support circulation by applying graduated pressure to your legs. This encourages blood flow back toward your heart, helping reduce swelling and fatigue.

Instead of arriving at your destination feeling stiff and drained, you step out of the car feeling lighter and more energized.

What to Wear for a Comfortable Road Trip

Comfort is key—but smart comfort is even better.

Here’s a simple breakdown of what works best for long drives:

Breathable, Flexible Clothing

Opt for soft, stretchable fabrics that don’t restrict movement.

Supportive Footwear

Choose shoes that allow your feet to breathe and don’t squeeze your toes.

Compression Socks (The Game-Changer)

This is where the real upgrade happens.

Compression socks are ideal for both men and women during long periods of sitting. They:

●      Promote healthy circulation

●      Help prevent swelling

●      Reduce leg fatigue

●      Keep you feeling comfortable mile after mile

They’re not just for flights or medical needs anymore—they’ve become a go-to travel essential.

From Car Seat to Destination—Without Missing a Beat

One of the biggest mistakes people make is dressing only for the drive, not for what comes after.

Whether you’re heading to a scenic overlook, a restaurant, or straight into vacation mode, you want to feel good when you arrive.

That’s why versatile, all-day wear matters.

If your trip includes multiple stops or transitions, you’ll want gear that can keep up. Here are some ideas on how the right socks can seamlessly take you from travel mode to social mode without needing a change.

Don’t Forget the Bigger Travel Picture

Road trips often turn into weekend getaways, and packing smart makes everything easier.

Instead of throwing random items into a bag, it helps to have a checklist that ensures you’re covered for comfort, style, and practicality.

Why Compression Socks Are Worth It

If you’ve never tried compression socks before, a road trip is the perfect opportunity.

Here’s what sets them apart:

●      Consistent Support: They maintain gentle pressure throughout the day

●      Improved Comfort: Less swelling means less discomfort

●      Better Recovery: Your legs feel fresher even after hours of sitting

And the best part? They don’t feel bulky or restrictive when designed properly. Modern compression socks are breathable, stylish, and built for everyday wear—not just medical use.

A Small Change That Transforms Your Trip

It’s easy to overlook socks when planning a road trip. But once you experience the difference, it’s hard to go back.

Think about it:

●      You plan your route

●      You prep your car

●      You pack your essentials

Why not upgrade something you’ll wear the entire time?

The right socks don’t just improve comfort—they enhance your entire travel experience.

Ready to Hit the Road in Comfort?

Before your next trip, take a look at your current sock drawer.

Are your socks:

●      Worn out?

●      Unsupportive?

●      Not designed for long wear?

If so, it’s time for an upgrade.

Compression socks are one of the simplest, most effective ways to stay comfortable during long drives—for both men and women.

Make your next road trip your most comfortable one yet.

Explore options designed specifically for travel, support, and all-day wear—and feel the difference from the first mile to the final destination.

Mathioudakis also serves as Co-Medical Director of the Johns Hopkins Medicine Diabetes Prevention and Education Program, Co-Director of the Multidisciplinary Diabetic Foot and Wound Clinic at Johns Hopkins, and is the former Clinical Director of the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism. Additionally, Mathioudakis is the Diabetes Clinical Community Lead for the Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality.

Interview with Nestoras Mathioudakis, MD, MHS

In this interview, Mathioudakis discusses his expertise in supporting people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and working to improve patient care through the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative (T1DX-QI).

The T1DX-QI was established in 2016 — with the support of The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust — in an effort to refine best practices and improve daily life for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Growth has been tremendous, with 54 endocrine clinics from across the U.S. participating in the Collaborative.

Fueled by top leaders in diabetes care, the T1DX-QI has become an engine of innovation and inspiration. By engaging with the shared, data-driven, and systematic methods of the T1DX-QI, clinics have seen unprecedented success in their approach to diabetes management.

With members working closely together to identify gaps in care, discover and refine best practices, and share research — the process has become knowledge-sharing at its very best. While collated data gives clinics a clear sense of “where they are,” it also demonstrates “where they can be” by applying shared, evidence-based methods for improving care.

What do you enjoy most about your work? 

“One of the most rewarding things is helping patients who have been struggling with their diabetes management,” explains Mathioudakis. 

“T1D is a tough, demanding condition, and it’s easy to lose faith and get discouraged sometimes. Developing strategies to make improvements that are followed by ‘aha moments,’ along with joy and relief, is incredibly rewarding for a practicing physician.” 

What led you to an MHS Program? 

“In my first two years on faculty at Hopkins, I was the Associate Director of the Inpatient Diabetes Service, along with my mentor, Dr. Golden, a distinguished diabetes researcher. During this time, I completed a six-month fellowship in patient safety and quality training.” 

“As I was compiling inpatient diabetes management data, I began to generate questions for larger-scale research,” Mathioudakis explained. In turn, he realized that more formal training in this space would allow him to perform these analyses. 

Mathioudakis went on to pursue graduate training in clinical investigation, earning a Master of Health Science degree from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. “At that point, my trajectory shifted towards research,” he said.  

“The MHS degree provided me with a strong foundation in data analysis and research methods, so I was well prepared to answer the scientific questions generated from my clinical work.” 

Today, Mathioudakis dedicates about 20% of his time to patient care and 80% to research, focusing broadly on health informatics, clinical decision support, and machine learning applied to diabetes management, complications, and prevention. 

Let’s talk about your new role with T1DX-QI 

“I’m thrilled to serve as a Medical Advisor for the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative, because I’ve seen firsthand the impact this network can have on patient care.” 

“Since Johns Hopkins joined in 2022, participation in the collaborative has enabled us to systematically track our prescribing of automated insulin delivery systems and continuous glucose monitors — and we’ve seen significant increases in both,” said Mathioudakis, who has served as PI for adult endocrinology, alongside Risa Wolf, MD, for pediatric endocrinology at Johns Hopkins. 

“The ability to benchmark against centers nationwide has been instrumental in making a compelling, data-driven case for my colleagues and clinical leadership about where we can — and should — improve,” he said. 

Mathioudakis also led a multi-center randomized controlled trial within T1DX-QI — the BPA-TECH project — which underscored the power of peer learning and shared infrastructure. “Collaborating with leaders across the country and watching our interventions scale nationally has been both energizing and validating,” he said. 

“T1D Exchange is the premier organization for quality improvement in type 1 diabetes, with unparalleled assets like a large EHR database and a robust patient registry. I’m excited to bring my background in EHR research and big data analytics to generate real-world evidence across diagnosis, management, and outcomes.” 

Because his clinical practice focuses heavily on type 1 diabetes — with many patients using advanced technologies — Mathioudakis sees firsthand how data-driven improvement, rapid-cycle testing, and shared best practices can drive meaningful change. 

“Ultimately, my goal is to improve outcomes for people with type 1 diabetes, increase equity, and reduce the burden of the disease,” he said. “I bring strengths in clinical expertise, implementation, and analytics, and I’m eager to help advance the collaborative’s mission by refining existing workflows, expanding the network, and pursuing additional funding and research opportunities that translate into measurable, real-world impact.” 

Reducing disparities, predicting glucose trends, and studying AI-based diabetes interventions 

“A study we’re currently working on is an issue that’s near and dear to my heart — reducing disparities in access to T1D diabetes technology,” said Mathioudakis, who, along with Wolf, recently published, “Racial Disparities in Access and Use of Diabetes Technology Among Adult Patients With Type 1 Diabetes in a U.S. Academic Medical Center” in Diabetes Care. 

Mathioudakis discussed this research as a guest on the Diabetes Care On Air podcast. 

The study found that CGM and insulin pump use are significantly lower among Black individuals with T1D compared to non-Black individuals. Highlighting that these disparities often begin at the point of care — during conversations with diabetes providers about technology, which plays a critical role in both education and prescribing. 

“With grant funding from Breakthrough T1D and with T1D Exchange as the coordinating center, we’re actively testing whether a best practice advisor (BPA) — a type of informatics alert — can standardize patient selection for and prescribing of AID systems in type 1 diabetes,” he said. “We hope to have the results of a trial completed in the coming year to evaluate the effectiveness of the BPA relative to usual care in reducing these disparities.” 

Beyond disparities, Mathioudakis has published extensively on machine learning-based decision-making in hospitalized patients who are at the highest risk of hypoglycemia. He explained that many people with T1D aren’t wearing CGMs when hospitalized, and other competing health conditions can affect glucose trends. 

“We have rich data in EHRs,” he said. “When you utilize them to create a model, you can get high levels of predictive accuracy on where someone’s glucose is headed — in ways that human beings can’t.”  

Next steps involve direct EHR integration to provide the care team with an additional decision-support tool, taking into account insulin on board, glucose values over the past 24 hours, and other factors.  

Mathioudakis is also exploring AI-enabled decision support tools in the EHR, leveraging both unstructured data in clinic notes (symptoms, procedures, diet, etc.) and discrete data (glucose values, insulin doses) to help clinicians select appropriate antihyperglycemic medications throughout hospitalization.  

Mathioudakis’ other research is supported by an NIH-funded R01 grant focused on testing an AI-based app for diabetes prevention. Results from this trial, published in JAMA in October 2025, showed that the AI-driven program achieved outcomes comparable to the gold-standard, human-based approach. 

Precision Medicine Initiative 

“I’ve been co-chairing an International Precision Diabetes Medicine Initiative through the American Diabetes Association. There are 12 working groups, and we’ve just wrapped up one of the most comprehensive systematic reviews on T2D precision prognosis for cardiovascular disease, including over 10,000 articles,” said Mathioudakis. 

“It’s been a very fulfilling collaboration with international experts. We’re excited to see the culmination of these extensive reviews in this forthcoming consensus report with personalized recommendations, which we hope to share at the 2023 EASD meeting in Hamburg, Germany.” 

What’s your hope for future diabetes-related tech? 

“Having reviewed upcoming machine learning algorithms, I can say that in general, we’re getting better and better at it, the field is advancing, and it’ll reach patients in more meaningful ways.” 

“Just look at the progress we’ve seen over the past decade,” he added. “The pace with which diabetes tech has evolved — and the attention to machine learning in medicine — is impressive. We’ll keep seeing improvements as algorithms in closed-loop systems are refined and become more rapidly adaptive.” 

At the same time, “We have more work to do,” said Mathioudakis. “One of the biggest challenges is streamlining how data is uploaded from patient devices to improve accessibility for clinicians — ideally in a universal platform.” 

Looking ahead, Mathioudakis is optimistic about what’s possible: “In the near term, my hope is for fully automated insulin dosing that doesn’t require meal announcements — so we can reduce the burden and simplify day-to-day life. In parallel, we can leverage AI to guide patients and care teams in adjusting and optimizing AID settings, tailoring them to each device and individual physiology to achieve the best outcomes with less trial and error.” 

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

Outside of work, Nes Mathioudakis enjoys traveling, tennis, running, and playing the violin. While Nes chose a career in medicine, he almost became a professional violinist. He can often be found helping his children with their violin lessons, as they follow in his footsteps. 

The post Meet the Expert: Advancing Equity, Improving Outcomes, and Reducing the Burden of T1D appeared first on T1D Exchange.

Stress is an inevitable part of life, and for individuals with diabetes, understanding its impact on blood sugar levels is crucial. This post explains the connections between stress, blood sugar levels, and diabetes management, answering key questions like "Can stress cause diabetes?" and "How does stress affect glucose levels?"

Understanding Stress

Stress is a multifaceted response of your body and mind to challenging or unfamiliar situations. It can arise from short-lived events such as the anticipation of a workplace presentation or the nervousness of attending a social gathering where you know few people. Physical incidents like accidents or health issues also trigger stress responses.

Additionally, ongoing concerns about finances, relationships, or the grief of losing someone dear can lead to persistent stress. This condition manifests in various ways, impacting one's physical health, emotional well-being, and mental state.

Stress Symptoms

Stress often manifests in ways that may be difficult to notice initially, influencing both mental and emotional health, as well as physical well-being. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for addressing and managing stress effectively.

Physical indicators of stress can include:

• Persistent headaches
• Muscular discomfort or tension
• Irregular sleep patterns, either excessive or insufficient
• A general sense of being unwell
• Fatigue

On the emotional and mental front, stress might lead to feelings of:

• A lack of motivation
• Irritability
• Depression
• Restlessness
• Anxiety

Behavioral changes also expected under stress, such as:

• Social withdrawal from friends and family
• Altered eating habits, either overeating or under-eating
• Outbursts of anger
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Nicotine use

Awareness of these symptoms is the first step towards managing stress more effectively.

Can Stress Cause Diabetes?                                      

While stress alone is not a direct cause of diabetes, it significantly influences blood sugar levels. Under stress, the body releases hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, leading to insulin resistance. This makes it harder for insulin to effectively regulate blood sugar, which can aggravate diabetes in those already diagnosed and impact blood sugar control.                               

Moreover, the experience of living with diabetes can be a source of considerable stress, particularly in the early stages following diagnosis. The necessity of closely monitoring diet, learning new self-care routines, frequent blood sugar testing, and daily injections can be overwhelming. This ongoing management responsibility often leads to anxiety, especially concerning potential complications or the need for precision in managing the condition.       

Individuals with diabetes may also experience worry about hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels), which adds more stress. The uncertainty about when a hypoglycemic episode might occur and the challenges in managing these episodes can contribute to a state often referred to as "hypo anxiety."                

It's common for people with diabetes to sometimes feel swamped by the demands of managing their condition. This can manifest as frustration, distress, or guilt, particularly if they perceive their management efforts as suboptimal. These feelings of overwhelm are magnified during periods of high stress, making diabetes care seem more burdensome. Such emotional responses are normal and are often termed 'diabetes distress.' It's crucial for individuals experiencing these feelings to communicate with their healthcare team to receive support and guidance. If not addressed, this distress can intensify, potentially leading to burnout.

The Link Between Stress and Blood Sugar: 

Recent research has further illuminated the intricate connection between stress and blood sugar levels, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes. A study conducted by The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and College of Medicine highlights the significant role of the stress hormone cortisol in this relationship. Normally, cortisol levels fluctuate throughout the day, peaking in the morning and diminishing at night. However, in individuals with type 2 diabetes, these fluctuations are often more subtle, leading to consistently higher glucose levels. This altered cortisol profile, often caused by stress and depression, makes blood sugar control more challenging in diabetes patients.

The study highlights the importance of stress management in diabetes care. Notably, it mentions an ongoing trial investigating whether mindfulness practices can help lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. This is just one of many potential strategies for reducing stress, emphasizing the need for individuals to find enjoyable and effective stress-relief activities and incorporate them into their daily routines.

Dr. Joshua J. Joseph, leading the study, also points out that while regular exercise, a healthy diet, and sufficient rest are well-known elements of diabetes management, stress relief is a crucial yet often overlooked aspect. Effective stress management is essential for overall health, particularly for those with type 2 diabetes. The relationship between cortisol and glucose levels is only observed in people with diabetes, indicating the unique challenges they face in managing their condition. The research team continues to explore the role of stress hormones in the prevention and development of diabetes and related cardiovascular diseases.

This research highlights the need for comprehensive diabetes management, including traditional methods like diet and medication and psychological factors like stress reduction. Such an approach can significantly improve the quality of life for those with diabetes.

Managing Stress for Better Diabetes Control:

Effective diabetes control extends beyond medical management to encompass comprehensive self-care, particularly during stressful times. Maintaining a balance in caring for oneself is crucial, as well as ensuring regular meals and medication adherence, even during busy or challenging periods. Striving for perfection in self-care can inadvertently contribute to stress; it's important to recognize the tendency to neglect diabetes management when under pressure.

Incorporating sufficient sleep, exercise or yoga, and relaxation into your daily routine can significantly improve stress resilience. Avoiding temptations like comfort eating, smoking, or increased alcohol consumption is vital, as these can adversely affect blood sugar levels.

Exploring new perspectives on diabetes management can also be beneficial. Participating in diabetes education courses and connecting with others facing similar challenges can provide valuable insights and support. Open communication about stressors, whether with healthcare professionals, friends, or through support groups, can offer relief and practical advice. Your healthcare team can guide you on adjusting medication or insulin in response to stress.

Remember, the source of stress need not be diabetes-related to impact your management of the condition. Seeking support to handle stress can improve overall diabetes control and well-being. Engaging in conversations about your experiences with medical professionals, family, or colleagues can start a journey toward improved stress management and diabetes care. 

Conclusion:

Stress and diabetes are intricately linked, with stress having a significant impact on blood sugar levels and overall diabetes management. While stress does not directly cause diabetes, it can exacerbate symptoms and make managing the condition more challenging. Understanding this relationship and implementing effective stress management techniques are key to maintaining good health and blood sugar control for those living with diabetes.

Viasox: Comfort for Every Step

As we wrap up our insights on stress and diabetes, it's essential to remember the vital role of foot health in comprehensive diabetes care. Viasox is dedicated to this important aspect, offering high-quality, non-binding diabetic socks and compression socks. Designed for comfort and effective care, these socks are a valuable part of preventive foot care for those with diabetes and neuropathy. 

Contact the Viasox customer service team for more information and assistance selecting the right foot care products to support your diabetes management journey.

Why your diet choices matter

Nutritional deficiencies can result in a neuropathy diagnosis, so it doesn't surprise that not getting the right nutrients can also exacerbate your neuropathy symptoms. But why? The right diet can do two things:

1. Lower your blood sugar levels
2. Fight inflammation

Any diet that contributes to those goals can help decrease your risk for peripheral neuropathy. Monitoring your glucose levels and consistently making healthier diet choices are also some of the most important elements in managing diabetes and neuropathy pain.

Peripheral neuropathy foods to avoid

If you’re wondering, “What foods should I avoid with neuropathy?” then we’ve got the answers you’ve been looking for. Here are six of the most common foods that aggravate neuropathy.

• Alcohol— Too much alcohol can be detrimental even to those without neuropathy. But if you’re already living with nerve damage, overconsuming alcohol can worsen your symptoms. Alcohol can cause inflammation and lead to nutritional deficiencies and toxicity.

Alcohol consumption, even in moderate amounts, can have harmful effects on the body, including damage to the liver, brain, and other organs. When consumed in excess, alcohol can cause various health problems, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, and cancer. However, for people with neuropathy, which is damage to the nerves that transmit signals between the brain and other parts of the body, excessive alcohol consumption can worsen their symptoms.                                                                                                      

Alcohol has been shown to cause inflammation in the body, which can worsen neuropathic pain and other symptoms associated with nerve damage. Additionally, alcohol can interfere with the absorption and utilization of essential nutrients, such as vitamins B1, B6, and B12, which are crucial for nerve health. This can lead to nutritional deficiencies that can exacerbate neuropathy symptoms.                                                                                                             

Furthermore, alcohol is a toxin that can damage nerve cells, particularly in high doses. Over time, this toxicity can lead to further nerve damage and worsen existing neuropathy symptoms. This can cause problems with mobility, balance, and coordination, as well as numbness, tingling, and pain in the affected areas.  

• High-GI foods— The glycemic index is a measure of how much a certain food will spike your blood sugar levels. Choosing foods with a low glycemic index (i.e. low-carbohydrate foods) will give you better control over your blood sugar levels.                       

When you consume high-GI foods, your body releases insulin to help regulate your blood sugar levels. If you frequently consume high-GI foods, your body may become less sensitive to insulin over time, which can lead to insulin resistance and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. 

On the other hand, low-GI foods are broken down and absorbed more slowly, which helps to keep your blood sugar levels stable and your body's insulin response in check. This makes low-GI foods a better choice for people with diabetes or those looking to manage their diabetic neuropathy.

Examples of low GI foods include non-starchy vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, and most fruits. High GI foods, on the other hand, include processed and refined carbohydrates, such as white bread, sugary drinks, and candy. By choosing foods with a low glycemic index, you can help to maintain stable blood sugar levels and reduce your risk of exacerbating neuropathy and other health problems associated with high blood sugar levels.

• High-gluten foods— Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. It's responsible for giving dough its elasticity and helping bread rise. However, for people with gluten sensitivity, consuming gluten can cause a wide range of health issues, including neuropathy. Many people these days have a gluten allergy or intolerance. And when you combine gluten sensitivity with neuropathy, it’s a recipe for disaster. Choose gluten-free foods whenever possible to help fight inflammation and reduce neuropathy pain.                                                            

Fortunately, there are many gluten-free alternatives available today, including bread, pasta, and baked goods. You can also find gluten-free versions of many other foods, including snacks and condiments.                                                     

By choosing gluten-free foods whenever possible, you can help fight inflammation and reduce neuropathy pain. In addition to reducing your intake of gluten, consider adding anti-inflammatory foods to your diet, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts and seeds, and fatty fish. 

It's important to note that not all gluten-free foods are created equal. Some may contain higher levels of sugar, salt, and fat, which can worsen inflammation and neuropathy symptoms. When choosing gluten-free foods, read the labels carefully and choose products low in sugar, salt, and fat.

• Salty foods— High-sodium diets can restrict blood flow, damage nerves, and increase neuropathy pain. This is because sodium can cause the blood vessels to constrict, which makes it harder for blood to circulate properly. When this happens, it can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, neuropathy, heart attacks, and strokes.

Excessive amounts of sodium can disrupt the balance of fluids in the body, which can cause swelling and inflammation. This swelling and inflammation can, in turn, put pressure on nerves and damage them further over time.

Try to replace your salty foods with leaner, less-processed options. For example, instead of processed snacks and fast food that tend to be high in salt, you can opt for fresh fruits and vegetables, lean protein sources like fish and chicken, and whole grains. These foods tend to be lower in sodium and higher in nutrients like vitamins, minerals, and fiber, which can help to improve overall health and reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases. By making these dietary changes, you can help to protect your blood vessels and nerves and alleviate neuropathy pain.

• Saturated fats— Saturated fats are common in red meats, fried food, and high-fat dairy products and can contribute to a variety of health conditions. When consumed in excess, saturated fats can lead to an increase in blood cholesterol levels, which in turn can raise the risk of heart disease and stroke. Furthermore, saturated fats can also contribute to insulin resistance, a condition closely linked to type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is important to limit the intake of saturated fats in order to maintain optimal health.

A healthier option for obtaining protein is to consume lean proteins such as legumes, fish, and low-fat dairy. Legumes, such as lentils, chickpeas, and black beans, are an excellent source of plant-based protein, as well as being high in fiber and other important nutrients. Fish, especially oily fish like salmon, are rich in heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids and are a great source of lean protein. Low-fat dairy products, such as skim milk and low-fat yogurt, are also good sources of protein without the added saturated fats found in full-fat dairy products.

By choosing lean proteins over foods high in saturated fats, you can improve your overall health and reduce the risk of developing chronic health conditions.

If you can cut out most of these foods, you may see a marked improvement in your neuropathy symptoms. And remember, no matter what you’re eating, it’s important to carefully monitor your blood sugar levels every day and keep an eye out for trends and patterns that may be a cause for concern.

Combat neuropathy pain with a healthy diet and high-quality socks

Now that you know what foods to avoid with neuropathy, managing your pain and discomfort should be a bit easier. But making better diet choices isn’t the only thing you can do to help manage neuropathic pain. Medications, therapies, massage, and other treatment options are also available. However, if you’re looking for a simple and fast solution to help reduce neuropathy pain in your feet and legs, it might be time to invest in some diabetic socks.

Shop online at Viasox today

Viasox is the proud provider of North America’s first – and finest — fancy diabetic socks. Whether you’re looking to buy in bulk or just want a single pair to show off your unique style, we can help! From fun designs to classic neutrals, ankle socks, knee lengths, compression socks, non-binding options, and so much more, you’ll find the perfect pair for your needs at Viasox. Shop online with us today, or reach out to our friendly team to learn more!

The post Persistent Burden of Severe Hypoglycemia and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Among People With Type 1 Diabetes Despite Technology Use: A Follow-up Survey appeared first on T1D Exchange.

At the heart of this work is the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative (T1DX-QI) Clinical Leadership Committee. Drawing on frontline experience, the committee informs big-picture strategy — setting priorities, refining goals, and identifying new areas of focus across the Collaborative. 

Serving as its strategic compass, the Clinical Leadership Committee analyzes data, identifies trends, and uncovers gaps in care to guide quality improvement efforts. These insights transform strategy into action — enabling clinics to implement solutions more quickly and improve outcomes in real time. 

Today, T1DX-QI brings together pediatric and adult clinical leaders from more than 60 endocrinology centers nationwide. Together, they work toward targeted improvements and greater health equity for people living with diabetes. 

In this way, the Clinical Leadership Committee bridges high-level strategy with real-world change. 

Meet our leadership team 

Co-Chairs:  

Francesco Vendrame, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, in the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism at the University of Miami. 

Carla Demeterco-Berggren, MD, PhD, Clinical Professor of Pediatrics at the University of California, San Diego, and pediatric endocrinologist at Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego. 

Participation in the Clinical Leadership Committee is structured around primary investigators (PIs) — the designated leaders representing each center, and led by T1DX-QI support staff Nicole Rioles, MA, and Claire Rainey, BA.

Leading with purpose  

“The Clinical Leadership Committee is really where ideas turn into action,” said Dr. Vendrame. It brings together clinicians who are deeply involved in day-to-day care and asks a simple but important question: How do we make things better for people living with type 1 diabetes, in a way that actually works in real clinics?” 

Much of the effort begins with identifying gaps — whether in access to technology, workflow inefficiencies, or disparities in outcomes — and then developing practical, scalable solutions. 

“What I appreciate most,” he added, “is that it’s not just about generating data, but about using that data to drive meaningful, measurable change.”  

Diverse perspectives, shared purpose 

The committee brings together leaders at every stage of their careers — from division chiefs with decades of experience to early-career physicians stepping into PI roles for the first time. That mix of perspectives creates natural opportunities for mentorship and collaboration. 

“A PI is essentially our point person,” explained Nicole Rioles, Senior Director of Clinical Partnerships and Engagement at T1D Exchange. “They bring ideas back to their teams, build leadership buy-in, and help translate collaborative decisions into action within their own clinics.” 

Pediatric and adult providers often bring different points of view, shaped by the needs of the population they serve. Navigating those differences — and turning them into actionable strategies — is central to the committee’s impact, she said.  

With dozens of leaders participating, structure is essential. Gathering a central voice requires a carefully organized agenda and facilitation. 

“You don’t bring an unanswered question to a group like this,” Rioles explained. “You come with two or three strong options — then the group refines them together.” 

From vision to action  

The committee’s impact is perhaps most visible in the initiatives it helps bring to life. 

“One example I am particularly proud of is the effort to elevate early detection of T1D,” said Dr. Demeterco-Berggren. “By advocating for the inclusion of early-stage data in the T1DX-QI database, we helped shift the focus from reactive care at diagnosis to proactive identification and monitoring.” 

That work led to the creation of the T1DX-QI Beta Cell Preservation Working Group, which advanced strategies for screening, staging, and implementing disease-modifying therapies.  

“This work is already helping centers develop programs that delay disease progression and reduce the risk of DKA at diagnosis,” she said. 

What began as a focused initiative quickly expanded into a large, multi-center effort — spanning multiple subgroups and a comprehensive body of work, including a white paper.

Another example is the committee’s prioritization of expanding access to diabetes technologies across the network. This has led to coordinated quality improvement efforts with centers utilizing shared data to identify gaps in access and differences in care.  

“Over time, this has contributed to increased adoption of these technologies,” said Dr. Vendrame. “While disparities still exist, there has also been encouraging progress with targeted efforts.” 

Why this work matters 

“This work is deeply meaningful to me because it reflects a shift in how we approach T1D,” said Dr. Demeterco-Berggren, “moving from reacting to clinical disease to anticipating and potentially modifying its course.” 

She recalled a defining moment of beginning to see families identified through early detection programs before any T1D symptoms developed.  

“Being able to offer education, monitoring, and disease-modifying therapy — helping families feel informed and supported, while reducing the risk of severe presentations — reinforces that this work truly matters.”  

For Dr. Vendrame, the connection between system-level change and individual outcomes is equally meaningful. 

“It’s easy to focus on metrics, but behind every data point there is a person managing a complex condition every day,” he said. “I remember a patient who had struggled for years with glycemic variability and felt overwhelmed by the complexity of their care.”  

“After we implemented some of the changes from our QI work, they were able to access new technology — and things finally felt more manageable.” 

Improving outcomes at scale 

“The Clinical Leadership Committee plays a central role in guiding quality improvement efforts across the collaborative,” said Dr. Demeterco-Berggren. 

“It brings together multidisciplinary leaders to identify gaps in care, set priorities, and develop scalable, data-driven strategies that can be implemented across diverse clinical settings.” 

The committee serves a forward-looking role — helping to prepare for emerging advances by aligning centers, integrating innovation into practice, and building the infrastructure needed to support change.   

“Through this work, the committee translates evidence and innovation into real-world practice,” she said, “with the goal of improving outcomes, reducing disparities, and ensuring that advances in care reach people living with T1D in a timely and equitable way.” 

The pipeline: Looking forward 

Earlier identification, interventions, and a more personalized, data-informed approach are redefining what’s possible in type 1 diabetes care. 

“What I find most exciting is the shift toward more individualized and data-driven care,” said Dr. Vendrame. “With the increasing integration of digital platforms, we’re better able to understand each patient’s unique patterns and tailor treatment more precisely.” 

At the same time, he noted the importance of implementation. “One of the key challenges is ensuring these advances are implemented in a practical, scalable, and accessible way for everyone.” 

Dr. Demeterco-Berggren pointed to the growing potential of early intervention and its potential to preserve beta cell function. “We’re entering an era where screening, staging, and disease-modifying therapies can change the trajectory of T1D,” she said.  

The committee is helping shape this future by building the supportive infrastructure — from integrating early-stage data into registries to promoting equitable access to emerging therapies.  

By aligning centers around these priorities, the Clinical Leadership Committee is helping to accelerate the transition from innovation to standard of care.  

Wrapping it up 

As diabetes technology and treatments continue to evolve, so too will the work of the T1DX-QI Clinical Leadership Committee. 

For Rioles, its greatest strength lies in the people behind it.  

“These are clinicians who deeply understand diabetes care,” she said. “When they come together to share ideas, challenge assumptions, and mentor the next generation of leaders, that’s where real progress begins.”

The post Spotlight on T1DX-QI: Clinical Leadership Committee appeared first on T1D Exchange.

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While most people remember the obvious items like clothes, toiletries, and chargers, there’s one often-overlooked essential that deserves a permanent spot on your packing list: quality socks. In fact, packing the right socks—like Viasox—can make a surprisingly big difference in how comfortable and confident you feel throughout your trip.

Here’s a simple, practical weekend getaway packing list to help you travel smarter—and why Viasox socks belong at the top.

1. Comfortable Travel Outfit

Your travel outfit sets the tone for the entire trip. Whether you’re driving for hours or catching a flight, comfort should be the priority.

Opt for breathable fabrics, relaxed-fit pants or joggers, and a lightweight top you can layer. Comfortable sneakers are usually the best footwear choice since they work for walking, exploring, and casual outings.

But what really makes a difference? The socks inside those shoes.

Wearing high-quality socks helps prevent irritation, moisture buildup, and foot fatigue—especially if you’re on the move all day. Viasox socks are designed with comfort and breathability in mind, which makes them ideal for travel days packed with walking and activity.

If you frequently have busy days running errands or staying active, you might also find inspiration in this guide, which highlights how the right socks can support an on-the-go lifestyle.

2. Versatile Clothing Pieces

For a short trip, versatility is everything. Instead of packing many outfits, choose a few pieces you can mix and match.

A simple weekend packing list might include:

●      2–3 tops

●      1 pair of jeans or casual pants

●      1 lightweight jacket or hoodie

●      1 comfortable pair of walking shoes

●      Sleepwear

●      Undergarments

The same logic applies to socks. Bringing a couple of reliable pairs ensures you’ll stay comfortable whether you’re sightseeing, relaxing, or heading out for dinner.

Well-made socks should complement a variety of outfits and occasions. If you’re building a wardrobe that works effortlessly with different styles, this blog offers practical tips for creating a sock collection that pairs well with everything you wear.

3. Socks That Handle Long Days

Weekend getaways tend to involve much more walking than a typical day at home. Exploring downtown areas, visiting attractions, hiking scenic trails, or browsing local shops all mean spending hours on your feet.

That’s why packing the right socks matters more than people realize.

Quality socks should provide:

●      Breathability to reduce moisture

●      A soft feel that prevents friction

●      Stretch and support for all-day wear

●      Durable construction that holds up through travel

Viasox socks check all of these boxes, making them an ideal travel companion. When your feet feel good, everything else about the trip feels easier, too.

Instead of treating socks like an afterthought, think of them as part of your comfort system—right alongside good shoes and breathable clothing.

4. Weather-Ready Layers

The weather can change quickly, especially during weekend trips when you’re exploring unfamiliar locations.

Packing a few simple layers helps you stay prepared:

●      Lightweight jacket

●      Hoodie or sweater

●      Comfortable long-sleeve shirt

These pieces don’t take up much space but make a big difference when temperatures drop.

Seasonal sock choices can also play a role here. For example, lighter breathable socks work great in warmer weather, while slightly thicker options may be better for cooler destinations.

If you’re preparing your wardrobe for seasonal transitions, this article explains how rotating your sock collection can keep your wardrobe fresh and functional year-round.

5. Minimal Toiletries and Essentials

For a weekend trip, keep toiletries simple. Travel-sized items save space and make packing easier.

Typical essentials include:

●      Toothbrush and toothpaste

●      Deodorant

●      Skincare basics

●      Hairbrush or styling product

●      Travel-size body wash

Don’t forget practical extras like phone chargers, sunglasses, and any medications you may need.

The goal is to keep your bag organized and light so you can focus on enjoying your trip rather than digging through clutter.

6. A Small Day Bag

Once you arrive, a compact backpack or sling bag makes exploring much easier. Use it to carry:

●      Water bottle

●      Wallet and ID

●      Snacks

●      Sunglasses

●      Portable charger

This keeps your essentials close while leaving your hands free to explore.

And if your day involves plenty of walking, comfortable socks once again become one of the most important parts of your outfit.

Why Viasox Belongs on Every Packing List

When planning a trip, most people focus on clothing, shoes, and accessories—but socks are just as important for overall comfort.

The right pair can help prevent fatigue, keep your feet dry, and make long days of exploring far more enjoyable.

Viasox socks are designed for real-life movement—whether you’re running errands, commuting, or spending a full day discovering a new destination. Their breathable design and reliable comfort make them an easy addition to any weekend packing list.

Travel Light, Travel Smart

Weekend getaways are meant to be simple and refreshing. With a thoughtful packing list and versatile essentials, you can travel lighter while still having everything you need.

Clothing layers, comfortable shoes, and a few reliable pairs of socks can go a long way toward making your trip smoother and more enjoyable.

So the next time you start packing for a quick escape, remember: the little details matter.

And one of the simplest ways to upgrade your travel comfort is by making sure your bag includes a couple of pairs of Viasox. Start shopping now!

Are you looking to buy diabetic socks or compression socks to help support the health of your lower legs and feet? Then, you may wonder what the difference is between compression socks and diabetic socks and which ones are right for you. 

At first glance, diabetic socks aren't that much different from traditional compression socks. Often, they incorporate the same mix of features. However, if you live with diabetes, it's important to understand the differences between diabetic and compression socks to choose the right one for you. This blog explores the uses of diabetic and compression socks and how they differ.

Why diabetes patients need to protect their feet

In the United States, roughly 38.4 million people have diabetes. Medical professionals speculate that up to 8 million Americans are undiagnosed, and another 97 million people are prediabetic.

More than 80% of lower-limb amputations come from people who have increased insulin sensitivity, and people with diabetes suffer more from foot problems than those who don't live with the condition. This is because diabetes can cause damage to blood vessels in the legs and feet. This, in turn, affects blood circulation in the feet and legs, which leads to swelling, increased infection risk, and many other complications.

According to the American Diabetes Association, poor blood flow in the feet can cause:

Neuropathy — Diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage that can cause changes in the shape of feet and toes.

Calluses — When not treated, calluses can turn into ulcers.

Ulcers — Neglected ulcers can lead to infections and even limb loss.

When dealing with diabetes, it's important never to underestimate the condition. While diabetes shouldn't stop you from living a full, happy life, there are certain steps you will need to take throughout your life to manage your condition effectively. If you have diabetes, you need to have your feet examined by your healthcare provider at least once a year. A typical exam includes a visual check of your feet for signs of swelling or small infections and tests that measure your sensation levels.

Uses of diabetic socks

Diabetic socks are specifically designed to fit your feet and conform to the shape of your foot. Most types of diabetic socks have very few seams, while others have none. Unlike traditional socks, diabetic socks don't have any tight elastic, so you won't have to worry about the fabric bunching up under your toes or around the heel area.

The super stretchy diabetic socks, like those you'll find at Viasox, are made from fine-textured fabrics like polyester, bamboo, cotton, and lycra. This, combined with the fact that Viasox socks offer cushioned padding from toe to heel, will help to prevent abrasions against your skin. 

Some of the benefits of diabetic socks include:

• Proper circulation in the feet

Diabetic socks are designed to help with proper foot circulation by avoiding tightness around the leg and ankle. This ensures that blood flow isn't restricted, which is crucial for people with diabetes who may have sensitive feet or circulation issues. Their looser fit promotes comfort and healthy blood flow, reducing the risk of complications related to poor circulation.

• Reduced risk of foot problems

For people with diabetes or circulatory issues, these socks can help prevent foot sores, infections, and other complications by reducing pressure on the feet.

• Overall foot protection

Even though diabetes is a blood sugar-related disease, the nerve damage it causes can be a big problem for your feet. Many diabetes patients lose feeling in their lower legs, feet, and hands. Research shows that about 50% of all people with diabetes have nerve damage to a part of their body. Diabetic socks will help you mitigate the pain and numbness commonly linked to nerve damage and protect your feet from cuts and sores. And, thanks to their extra padding and lack of seams, there is no chance of them rubbing against your skin and causing painful blisters. Similarly, as they are made from moisture-wicking material, your feet will remain dry all day. This reduces the risk of fungal infections and blisters.

Uses of compression socks

Compression socks are made to relieve the pain of your extremities using strong elastics. These socks allow blood to flow back to your heart. 

While some compression socks have similar features as diabetic socks, they often have bands that start at the ankle and go all the way up to the knee. For diabetes patients, this can sometimes provide too much restriction — preventing blood from flowing freely. Plus, some compression socks don't have additional padding on the bottom, which can cause irritation and sores during long walks and other physical activities.

Compression socks are most often used to help people with the following conditions: 

• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

DVT occurs when a blood clot develops in a vein in the leg. These clots can be painful and cause serious problems — especially if the clot travels to the lungs. Compression socks can prevent DVT and can also help alleviate pain if you have already had DVT.

• Varicose veins

Varicose veins are enlarged veins that appear to be dark purple or blue. They are caused by valves in the veins that cause blood to flow in the wrong direction or to pool. They can sometimes become painful, and compression socks can help to relieve the pain.

• Leg swelling

Swelling in the lower legs or feet, also known as edema, can happen for many reasons. It can be caused by standing or sitting for too long, problems with venous return, or issues with the lymphatic system. Pregnant women often experience swollen legs due to hormonal changes and more blood in their bodies. Other causes can include heart or kidney problems or certain medications that make the body hold onto fluid. Wearing compression socks can help reduce this swelling. These socks help blood flow more easily in the legs and reduce venous pressure, which helps prevent fluid from building up in leg tissues.

Diabetic socks vs. compression socks

When considering the differences between diabetic socks and compression socks, there are several key points to remember, especially for those managing diabetes.

Diabetic socks are designed to be non-binding and stretchy to promote healthy blood circulation without restricting blood flow. They often have fewer seams, or none at all, to prevent abrasions against the skin. These socks are typically made from fine-textured fabrics like polyester, bamboo, cotton, and lycra and offer cushioned padding from toe to heel for added comfort and protection. The main purpose of diabetic socks is to ensure proper circulation in the feet, reduce pressure, and offer overall protection to the feet, especially given the nerve damage that can occur in diabetic patients.

In contrast, compression socks apply pressure to the legs and feet to increase blood flow circulation. They usually have bands that start at the ankle and go up to the knee, providing graduated compression that gets tighter closer to the ankle, encouraging blood flow back towards the heart. These socks are beneficial for conditions like deep vein thrombosis (DVT), varicose veins, and leg swelling & pain, including during pregnancy. However, they may sometimes be too restrictive for diabetes patients, leading to discomfort or further complications. This is particularly true for compression socks with higher pressures, such as those above 20 mmHg.

Diabetic socks vs. regular socks

Ordinary socks don't offer many benefits to people with diabetes. There are a lot of cons when it comes to regular socks compared to specialized diabetic socks. 

For one, regular socks almost always have seams. The seam at the toe can irritate a major pressure point in the foot, and other seams can also rub against the skin, causing blisters. Regular socks are usually made from cotton, preventing moisture from escaping the sock. If your skin becomes too moist, it will break down quickly. Before you know it, you'll be dealing with a foot infection. 

What kind of socks are right for you

There you have it — a rundown of the differences between diabetic socks and compression socks. If you are someone living with diabetes and looking for a way to help support the overall health of your feet or to alleviate the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, then diabetic socks could be the right choice for you. Diabetic socks are designed to fit snugly, easing foot swelling without inhibiting blood flow. On the other hand, compression socks are designed to apply graduated pressure so that the blood can return more quickly to the heart. This doesn't mean people with diabetes cannot use compression socks. Viasox offers light compression socks with 12 mmHg pressure, suitable for individuals with diabetes. These socks can help with pain and swelling and may also help energize the legs. The lower compression level of 12 mmHg is often more comfortable for diabetics, reducing the risk of excessive constriction while still providing the benefits of improved circulation.

It's important for people with diabetes to carefully choose the right type of compression socks, considering both the compression level and the sock's material and fit. Consulting with a healthcare provider is always recommended to ensure the chosen compression socks are appropriate for their specific health needs.

If you're looking to buy diabetic socks or compression socks online, then Viasox can help. We have a large range of diabetic and compression socks in a variety of fun colours and patterns, as well as everyday black, white, and grey colors. You can buy diabetic socks individually or in bulk, whatever works best for you.

If you have any questions about our products or would like more information, please don't hesitate to contact us. We would love to hear from you to learn how we can help.

That’s where versatile wardrobe staples come in—and yes, that includes your socks.

The right pair of socks can easily transition with you from airport travel to afternoon exploring and even casual dinner plans. With thoughtful design and everyday style, Viasox socks are made for days that don’t slow down.

Let’s take a look at how one simple accessory can keep up with your travel schedule.

The Airport Outfit That Works Everywhere

When you’re heading to the airport, comfort is the priority. You’ll likely be sitting for a while, walking through terminals, and juggling bags. Your travel outfit should feel easy, relaxed, and practical.

Many travelers stick with a tried-and-true formula:

●      Comfortable sneakers

●      Stretchy jeans, joggers, or casual pants

●      A breathable shirt

●      A lightweight jacket or hoodie

It’s the kind of outfit that works whether you’re boarding a flight or grabbing a quick coffee after landing.

And while shoes usually get all the attention, socks quietly do a lot of the work. A good pair helps your feet feel fresh throughout a long travel day, especially when you’re walking between terminals or standing in lines.

Viasox socks are designed to move with you, making them a great choice for long days that start early and end late.

Style That Goes Beyond the Terminal

One of the best things about modern travel style is that comfort and fashion can absolutely coexist. You don’t need to pack multiple outfits just to feel put together.

The key is choosing versatile pieces that work in multiple settings—including your socks.

For example, a simple neutral sock can pair easily with sneakers, casual loafers, or even lightweight boots. If you like adding personality to your outfits, a subtle pattern or fun print can also elevate a simple travel look without feeling over-the-top.

If you’re not sure what style fits your vibe, this guide is a great place to start. It explores how different sock styles—from bold prints to classic neutrals—can match your mood and your outfit.

The best part? One great pair can easily take you from the airport to dinner plans without missing a beat.

Exploring a New City in Comfort

Once you’ve landed and dropped your bags at the hotel, the real fun begins. Maybe you’re wandering through local shops, visiting a park, or grabbing an afternoon snack at a café you spotted online.

Travel often means more walking than usual, which makes comfortable footwear—and socks—even more important.

You want socks that feel lightweight, flexible, and breathable so you can focus on exploring instead of adjusting your outfit throughout the day.

That’s why many travelers prefer breathable sock styles, especially in warmer destinations or during spring and summer trips. Lightweight socks help keep things feeling fresh and comfortable as you explore somewhere new.

If warm-weather travel is on your calendar, this article shares helpful tips for choosing sock styles that pair well with lighter seasonal outfits.

From Casual Day to Dinner Plans

One of the best parts of traveling is the spontaneous moments—like deciding to grab dinner at a local restaurant you just discovered.

When that happens, you probably don’t want to return to the hotel just to change your entire outfit. Fortunately, a well-chosen travel outfit can easily transition from daytime exploring to evening plans.

Your sneakers still look great with dark jeans or chinos, your jacket adds a bit of polish, and your socks? They continue to do their job quietly in the background.

Viasox socks are designed with both comfort and everyday style in mind, which means they fit seamlessly into outfits that work across different parts of the day. Whether you’re sitting down for a relaxed dinner, taking an evening stroll, or snapping photos of a sunset skyline, your outfit still feels put together.

Packing Smarter for Travel Days

If there’s one travel tip seasoned travelers swear by, it’s packing smarter—not more.

Instead of filling your suitcase with extra options, focus on versatile pieces that work in multiple situations.

A simple travel packing list might include:

●      2–3 versatile tops

●      1 pair of comfortable pants or jeans

●      1 lightweight jacket

●      Comfortable sneakers

●      A few pairs of reliable socks

With the right basics, you can create multiple outfits without overpacking.

And when those socks combine comfort, durability, and style, they quickly become one of the most useful items in your bag.

Small Details, Big Travel Comfort

Travel days are full of small details that shape the overall experience. A smooth check-in, a great cup of coffee, a scenic walk through a new neighborhood—these little moments add up. The same goes for the clothes you wear along the way.

When your outfit feels comfortable and versatile, you spend less time worrying about what you’re wearing and more time enjoying where you are.

From airport gates to evening dinner plans, Viasox socks are built to keep up with the rhythm of travel. Because when your day moves from boarding passes to dinner reservations, it’s nice to know that even the smallest pieces of your outfit are ready for

Jenise Wong, MD, PhD

Dr. Wong also serves as the Director of Quality and Safety for Pediatric Endocrinology at Benioff Children’s in San Francisco and is the Co-Program Director of the Pediatric Endocrinology Fellowship Training Program. Additionally, she is a Medical Advisor for the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative (T1DX-QI) and Chair of the American Diabetes Association’s Membership Advisory Group. 

Interview with Jenise Wong, MD, PhD 

In this interview, Dr. Wong discusses her role as a physician-scientist, sharing how her experience shapes her approach to diabetes technology, efforts to expand access to care, and initiatives to address disparities in type 1 diabetes management. 

The T1DX-QI was established in 2016 with the support of The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust to refine best practices and improve daily life for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Growth has been tremendous, with over 60 endocrine clinics from across the U.S. participating in the Collaborative. 

Fueled by top leaders in diabetes care, the T1DX-QI has become an engine of innovation and inspiration. By engaging with the T1DX-QI’s shared, data-driven, and systematic QI methods, clinics are achieving measurable success in their approach to diabetes management. 

With members working closely together to identify gaps in care, discover and refine best practices, and share research learnings, the process has become knowledge-sharing at its very best. While collated data gives clinics a clear sense of where they are, it also demonstrates where they can be by applying evidence-based methods to improve care. 

What inspired your journey into medicine and research? 

Dr. Jenise Wong’s path into medicine didn’t begin in the clinic, but in the laboratory. Early in her academic career, she became fascinated by molecular biology and molecular genetics, she explained. 

“I was really interested in the mechanisms of disease and wanted to ‘understand how things work,’” said Wong, who at the time imagined a future focused entirely on research.  

Her motivation deepened when a friend’s father was diagnosed with a genetic condition — one her friend was also likely to inherit. “It made me want to understand how genetic changes lead to human disease,” she said, “and whether research could give us clues to stop, cure, or treat the condition.” 

However, as she completed her PhD in Genetics at Harvard University, her perspective began to shift. She became increasingly interested in seeing firsthand how research was affecting people. That curiosity led her into a cancer biology lab.  

There, she worked alongside oncology fellows who seamlessly integrated their roles as researchers and clinicians — and that exposure changed everything. 

“Postdocs in the lab offered to bring me on their hospital rounds and to outpatient clinics, where I saw how they blended their life of research with patient care,” she explained. “And I thought — ‘I want to be in front of patients, too.’” 

That realization, which came in the latter half of her PhD program, prompted her to take the MCAT and apply to medical school. 

She later attended Stanford University School of Medicine, where she found her calling in pediatrics and endocrinology — combining her scientific curiosity with meaningful, long-term relationships with children and families.  

Why did pediatrics and endocrinology feel like the right fit? 

“I liked the dynamic of caring for a family,” she said. “It’s amazing to witness a child growing from toddler to teen to young adult. I feel privileged and humbled to be a part of that process — and equally as lucky to see caregivers learn and change as their children mature and gain independence.” 

For Wong, that relationship-centered aspect of pediatric care was a major draw, but endocrinology added another layer of appeal — one rooted in analytical thinking and molecular research. 

“I like thinking about processes,” Wong said. “From a physiology standpoint, what we’re often able to do for people with endocrine conditions seemed very elegant to me in some ways. If a hormone is missing, we can replace it. If there’s too much, we can block it. In reality, it’s not always that simple, but it’s gratifying to have the tools to make these conditions more manageable.” 

During her fellowship, she continued working in the lab on mouse models of sleep. “Interestingly, short amounts of sleep are associated with changes in metabolism, including higher blood sugars,” she said — an observation that shaped her interest in diabetes. 

“As I progressed through my clinical fellowship, I became fascinated by the tools we had to manage diabetes. When I began exploring diabetes technology, one of my mentors, Saleh Adi, MD, invited me to join discussions on the visualization and usability of diabetes data,” she said, which was interestingly connected to the early years of Tidepool. 

While it was a period of rapid innovation in diabetes care, with CGMs and insulin pump technologies evolving quickly, Wong noticed something that troubled her: the benefits of these tools were not reaching everyone equally.  

That sparked a question that continues to guide her work today: “How can diabetes technology be more reachable and understandable for everyone?” 

“We have all of these diabetes tools,” she said. “However, while some people are able to access, understand, and use them easily, others are not.”  

Until then, Wong hadn’t considered becoming a clinical researcher. But the clinical questions she encountered began to pull her in that direction. “While it was a difficult decision, I didn’t want my research to feel like it was 10 steps removed from delivering care and asking questions.” 

Those early insights would go on to shape the trajectory of her work as an NIH K12 and K23 grant recipient, focusing on diabetes technology adoption, barriers to access and usability, and health equity in diabetes care. 

What research are you most excited about? 

“One of the projects I’m most proud of is a joint study with Dr. Jennifer Raymond at CHLA and with Dr. Stephanie Crossen at UC Davis,” said Wong.  

The project, called the DREAM study (Device Use Reimagined through Education and Mentorship), is a three-site initiative designed to improve the use of diabetes technology among Latinx adolescents living with T1D. 

Funded by an NIH R01 grant and launched in 2022, the study brings together clinicians and researchers across California to explore how culturally responsive education and support systems can help teens and their families feel confident in using diabetes technology — and feel supported in other areas of their lives.  

The study’s design was shaped by early conversations with Latinx teens who live with T1D and their caregivers. Many families shared that they had never met another person with T1D, and caregivers, in particular, felt isolated and alone.  

At the same time, many were navigating complex, competing demands — from multiple jobs to caregiving responsibilities and financial stressors — making it even harder to navigate the healthcare system. 

Those insights highlighted the importance of connection. Building relationships with others who share similar language, cultural values, and lived experiences is an incredibly important source of support — not just for diabetes management, but for overall well-being. 

“We know technology can reduce disparities in A1C,” said Wong, “But what we have to ask is, ‘What actually helps people start and continue using that technology?’” 

The DREAM program brings adolescents and caregivers together in their own virtual peer groups, where participants discuss diabetes management, technology use, and the psychosocial challenges of living with type 1. 

Through early work in the study, Wong and her colleagues learned that families’ needs often surpass “technical” education. Meaning, “It’s not just about teaching how to use diabetes technology,” she said. “It’s also providing resources for management support and addressing other issues like diabetes distress.” 

The project reflects a growing understanding of diabetes care — one that recognizes the importance of social connections, shared experience, and peer support — which can be as powerful as clinical advice.  

Moreover, the learnings from DREAM align with other efforts at UCSF. “This has complemented other work our clinic is doing, like Campamento Familiar en Español, a Spanish-language diabetes camp, run in partnership with DYF (Diabetes Youth Families),” she said.  

“Much of my research and questioning is trying to incorporate interventions like shared medical appointment models from a QI standpoint, while also asking the scientific questions: Can these approaches work across different populations, age groups, and types of diabetes?” 

UCSF and T1DX-QI 

In 2012, UCSF and Dr. Wong joined the T1D Exchange Registry, and in 2021, they formally joined the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative. Since then, Dr. Wong has served as the principal investigator for pediatric endocrinology at both the San Francisco and Oakland sites, alongside Dr. Angel Nip, who serves as a co-Director for Quality and Safety at Benioff Children’s in Oakland. 

In 2026, Wong was also appointed as a Medical Advisor for T1DX-QI. In this role, she looks forward to working closely with partner centers across the Collaborative, exploring ways to strengthen engagement and encourage broader participation from clinic teams.  

“As a Program Director and someone passionate about training and education, a really valuable part of being in the Collaborative is connecting with others, working together, and developing leadership nationally,” she said.  

“Encouraging wider team involvement is an important part of that effort,” added Wong. “It’s not only beneficial for the Collaborative, but it supports personal growth, career advancement, and the success of site-specific projects.” 

What have your patients taught you about managing diabetes? 

Wong often points to the power of peer connection — and how it can sometimes matter more than medical persuasion for her patients. 

“I had a young adult patient who didn’t want to try CGM for years,” she said. “I explained the benefits over and over again.” Then something changed.  

“She met someone else with diabetes in college who was using a CGM — and suddenly she said, ‘Okay, I’ll try it.’” 

Experiences like this have shaped how Wong thinks about engagement opportunities in diabetes care and their potential impact. “In this instance, peer interaction was more impactful than anything I could say,” she explained. “People often need to see someone like themselves doing it first.”  

Moments like these have reinforced her belief that community and shared experience play a critical role in diabetes care — sometimes opening doors that clinical conversations alone cannot. 

What is the most rewarding part of your work as a pediatric endocrinologist? 

One of the most meaningful parts of pediatric care, Wong explained, is watching her young patients grow into confident teens and young adults. 

“I have young adults I’ve followed since they were teenagers or young children. At first, many seem as if they don’t have much to say to me — they’re just coming to appointments with their parents, who are doing all the talking,” she said. “But over time, that dynamic changes. As they move into young adulthood and start meeting with me independently, they often have a new sense of ownership over their health.” 

“I love seeing teens, young adults, and even younger children ask questions about their health, be involved in decisions, and advocate for themselves.” 

“At some point, usually in their late teens or early twenties, they’ll say, ‘Okay, Dr. Wong, I really need to do something different.” And then we’ll work on setting goals, together.” Seeing that shift is deeply rewarding for her. 

“It’s been the greatest joy to watch each patient grow into themselves,” she said, “not just because of their diabetes, but in the person they’re becoming.” 

How social and cultural factors are impacting diabetes care 

Increasingly, Wong’s work has expanded to include broader social factors that influence health and access to care. Many of the families she works with face challenges beyond diabetes itself — including immigration concerns, socioeconomic barriers, and cultural context.  

“Things are happening at home that we don’t always know about,” she said, “especially for immigrant families.” 

In some California communities, fear related to immigration enforcement can affect whether families feel comfortable going to medical appointments or pharmacies for life-saving medications and supplies.  

“We’re hearing that some families prefer telehealth visits because they’re nervous about traveling to clinics,” she said.  

For Wong, recognizing and understanding these realities is an important part of building trust and delivering culturally responsive care — not just for the child, but for the entire family. 

What excites you most about the future of diabetes care? 

From automated insulin delivery (AID) systems to immunotherapy and early screening, Wong sees promise ahead. But she believes innovation alone isn’t enough. 

“While these advances are incredibly exciting,” she said wholeheartedly, “The question is: How do we make sure they reach everyone?”  

Even transformative tools, she noted, can unintentionally widen disparities if access is uneven. 

“As new technologies and therapies emerge, we need to test them across different populations — across different backgrounds, education levels, and access to resources,” emphasized Wong. 

She believes the future of diabetes care depends on ensuring equity keeps pace with innovation. “It’s not just about building new tools — it’s about making sure the people who need them most can actually use them.” 

What do you enjoy outside of work? 

Outside of work, Dr. Wong’s time is largely devoted to her family. With two young children, she’s often found at sports practices and games, dance classes, and outdoor adventures.  

As a family, they enjoy camping trips, beach outings, and exploring nature. “My hobbies have kind of disappeared for now,” she joked. “But someday I’ll get back to them.” 

The post Meet the Expert: Advancing Equity, Technology Access, and Connection in Diabetes Care appeared first on T1D Exchange.

A Message from Nadia Al-Samarrie

Diabetes has been part of my family’s story for generations. I watched my mother live with type 2 diabetes and later experience complications that many families fear. Those experiences shaped my mission as the publisher of Diabetes Health—to help people living with diabetes make informed decisions that protect their long-term health.

The encouraging news today is that diabetes care has improved dramatically. New medications, monitoring technology, and education programs are helping millions of people improve diabetes management and live healthier lives. While challenges remain, the progress we are seeing offers real hope.

Understanding Diabetes Management

Diabetes management involves maintaining healthy blood sugar levels while also protecting the heart, kidneys, nerves, and eyes from long-term damage.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 38 million Americans are living with diabetes, and about 90–95% of cases are type 2 diabetes.

Managing diabetes successfully requires attention to several interconnected factors, including:

• Blood glucose levels

• Blood pressure

• Cholesterol levels

• Nutrition and physical activity

• Medication adherence

• Mental and emotional health

When these factors are managed together, people can significantly reduce their risk of diabetes complications.

Learn more about diabetes statistics from the CDC.

Blood Sugar Control: The Foundation of Diabetes Care

Maintaining healthy blood sugar levels is the foundation of diabetes management. When glucose levels remain consistently high over time, it can damage blood vessels and nerves throughout the body. This is why healthcare professionals emphasize regular monitoring, healthy nutrition, physical activity, and medications when necessary. Improving blood sugar control is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of long-term diabetes complications.

Learn more in our article “10 Things That Affect Blood Sugar Levels.”

The ABCs of Diabetes: Key Health Targets

Healthcare professionals often refer to the “ABCs of diabetes care.” These markers help determine whether diabetes is well controlled.

Understanding your A1C is an essential part of diabetes management. Read more in our guide “Control the ABCs of Diabetes.”

A — A1C (Average Blood Glucose)

The A1C test reflects average blood sugar levels over the previous two to three months.

Many people with diabetes aim for an A1C around 7%, although individual goals may vary depending on age, health conditions, and guidance from a healthcare provider.

B — Blood Pressure

High blood pressure significantly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke for people with diabetes.

Many guidelines recommend maintaining blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg.

C — Cholesterol

LDL cholesterol contributes to plaque buildup in arteries and increases cardiovascular risk.

Many diabetes care plans aim for LDL cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, or even lower for people at higher risk.

These targets are outlined in the Standards of Care in Diabetes from the American Diabetes Association.

Encouraging Progress in Diabetes Care

Research over the past decade shows meaningful progress in improving diabetes management in the United States.

National health surveys indicate that many people with diabetes are successfully managing important health targets:

• Approximately 70–75% meet recommended A1C goals

• Around 70% maintain healthy blood pressure levels

• More than half meet cholesterol targets

• About 85% of adults with diabetes are non-smokers

These improvements reflect advances in diabetes treatment, wider access to education, and increased awareness about lifestyle factors that support better blood sugar control.

More research about diabetes outcomes can be found through the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

Diabetes Treatment Advances Transforming Care

One of the most exciting developments in recent years has been the rapid expansion of diabetes treatment advances.

Modern therapies now offer powerful tools to help patients improve blood sugar control and reduce the risk of complications.

Examples include:

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

These medications help regulate blood sugar, reduce appetite, and in many cases support weight loss.

Dual-Agonist Therapies

Newer medications act on multiple metabolic pathways, improving glucose control and metabolic health.

Advanced Insulin Therapies

New insulin formulations provide more predictable blood sugar control and reduced risk of hypoglycemia.

These innovations are helping millions of people improve diabetes management while also protecting cardiovascular health.

Technology Improving Diabetes Monitoring

Technology is also transforming how people manage diabetes. Continuous glucose monitors are transforming diabetes care by providing real-time glucose trends and insights.

Important innovations include:

• Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs)

• Automated insulin delivery systems

• Smart insulin pens

• Mobile diabetes management apps

These technologies help patients make faster adjustments to food, exercise, and medications, which can significantly improve blood sugar control.

Learn more by reading “Doctor with Diabetes Breaks Down How BGM and CGM Work Differently.”

Lifestyle Habits That Improve Diabetes Management

Medication and technology are important tools, but daily habits still play a critical role in diabetes care.

Healthy lifestyle choices can dramatically improve diabetes outcomes.

Key habits include:

Balanced Nutrition

Eating nutrient-dense foods and moderating carbohydrate intake can help maintain stable blood sugar levels.

Regular Physical Activity

Exercise improves insulin sensitivity and helps lower blood glucose levels.

Weight Management

Even modest weight loss can significantly improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes.

Stress Management

Stress hormones can increase blood sugar levels, making emotional health an important part of diabetes management.

Preventing Diabetes Complications

One of the most important goals of diabetes care is preventing diabetes complications.

Long-term high blood sugar can damage multiple organs and systems, including:

• Eyes (diabetic retinopathy)

• Kidneys (diabetic nephropathy)

• Nerves (diabetic neuropathy)

• Heart and blood vessels

However, research consistently shows that maintaining healthy blood sugar levels, managing blood pressure and cholesterol, and avoiding tobacco can significantly reduce these risks.

Early detection and regular screenings also play a critical role in preventing serious complications.

The Importance of Diabetes Education and Support

Living with diabetes can sometimes feel overwhelming. That’s why many healthcare professionals recommend a team-based approach to care.

This may include:

• Physicians or endocrinologists

• Certified diabetes educators

• Registered dietitians

• Mental health professionals

• Fitness specialists

Education empowers patients with the knowledge and tools needed to manage their condition confidently.

A Future Full of Possibility

The landscape of diabetes care continues to evolve rapidly.

With new medications, innovative technologies, and stronger patient education programs, millions of people are learning how to manage diabetes more effectively.

Every positive step toward improving diabetes management—whether through better nutrition, physical activity, medication adherence, or monitoring—helps reduce the risk of complications and supports long-term health.

For people living with diabetes, the message is clear: progress is possible, and the tools to succeed are better than ever.

Read More on DiabetesHealth.com

If you’d like to learn more about diabetes management, explore these additional resources:

10 Things That Affect Blood Sugar Levels

Control the ABCs of Diabetes Plus A1C Chart

How to Lower Blood Sugar When It Goes Over 200 mg/dL

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Guide

Diabetes Word Puzzle Challenge

Test your knowledge of diabetes management by finding key terms from this article.

Download the printable puzzle below:

Diabetes Management Word Search Puzzle
Created by DiabetesHealth.com

Download PDF Word Puzzle

Download Word Puzzle Answers

Sources:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Diabetes Statistics Report

American Diabetes Association
Standards of Care in Diabetes

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Diabetes Overview

The post Diabetes Management: A Complete Guide to Blood Sugar Control first appeared on Diabetes Health.

The post Diabetes Management: A Complete Guide to Blood Sugar Control appeared first on Diabetes Health.

As a teacher, I'm on my feet all day, so I can't stress enough how important comfortable, supportive socks are. I'm on my feet 7-8 hours daily on hard concrete floors. This constant strain can leave my feet tired, sore and aching. After years of putting up with this discomfort, I decided to try something different. That's when I found Viasox diabetic socks, which have changed how I feel at the end of the day. I want to share my experience with these socks and why they have become a part of my daily routine. Here are the top 5 reasons Viasox diabetic socks have been a game changer for me.

1. Unbeatable Comfort for Tired Feet and Legs: First of all, Viasox diabetic socks are incredibly comfortable. Before Viasox, my feet were tired and sore at the end of the day. Standing on concrete floors for hours is not easy on anyone's feet, but these socks have taken away the discomfort I used to feel. As soon as I put them on, I noticed a difference. They are designed for people who need extra care for their feet, and their comfort is unbeatable. The material is soft, breathable and has just the right sole cushioning to reduce the impact of walking on hard surfaces. What sets Viasox Easystretch™ diabetic socks apart is their non-binding top. This means my socks stay up without cutting off circulation or tightness around my calves. This non-restrictive fit is key because it allows blood to flow, which prevents my legs from feeling heavy and swollen. The relief from tiredness and soreness has been amazing, and now I can teach all day without feeling the usual pain in my feet and legs.
2. Fun and Unique Designs: One aspect of the wonderful Viasox diabetic socks is that they come in so many fun and unique designs. Nonetheless, just because you must wear supportive socks does not mean they need to be boring! There are plenty of playful patterns and colors on Viasox socks, allowing me to express myself even when I'm dressed formally for work. Whether you prefer vibrant or subtle patterns, there's something for everyone. These amusing designs put a smile on my face daily. It is unbelievable how a single detail, like a colorful pair of socks, can elevate your mood or make your day brighter. Every morning, I look forward to choosing which pair to put on. It's a small thing, but it makes a big difference in my overall mood. Viasox has a vast range that matches my outfit or reflects my mood for the day.
3. Ultra-Stretch and Length Options: Viasox socks are unbelievably stretchy, making them easy to wear or remove. This is crucial for those with swollen feet or legs, as comfortable-fitting socks seem difficult to find. Though stretchy, these socks do not sag or feel too loose. They give moderate support while remaining unrestricted, which is rare, but Viasox has achieved it. Another benefit is the variety of lengths available. With knee-high, crew and ankle lengths, every occasion has its sock at Viasox. I go for knee-highs for extra coverage and warmth on cold days. In a more laid-back atmosphere, ankle socks are perfect for casual situations. For daily activities, we have crew lengths that would suit you best. This means no matter what time it is during the day; you'll always have one on hand according to your plans; whether I am teaching, running errands or just relaxing, there is always a pair from Viasox that fits me well.
4. Viasox Supports Diabetic Charities with Every Purchase: One of the unique things about Viasox compared to other brands is its commitment to the society in which it operates. For every purchase made, Viasox donates $1 to diabetes charities. They have donated over $440,000 so far. Such a level of dedication towards making a change is impressive and encouraging at the same time. Being close relatives of people with diabetes makes me feel personally connected to this cause. Knowing that my money supports diabetic research and care makes choosing a Viasox product worthwhile. It's quite rare to find an organization as devoted as Viasox. It entails doing more than just selling something; it requires a real impact on those whose lives matter most. Each time I buy myself some Viasox socks, I contribute to some greater power. It is a minimal but significant way to support a cause impacting many people.
5. Excellent Customer Service: I'd like to mention Viasox's incredible customer service. In a world where good customer care is difficult to find, Viasox is a shining star. They provide round-the-clock customer care, which means that someone will always be available to help you no matter the time. This level of accessibility is comforting, especially when ordering online. Viasox's customer service team is always ready to help with questions regarding sizing, assistance in making an order, or worries concerning any product. When I started buying from Viasox, I had some questions, and their customer support team was very responsive and helpful. They took me through the ordering process, answered all my queries and even made excellent recommendations for meeting my needs. It is evident that Viasox values its customers and works extra hard to ensure that every experience is positive. Such individual service is uncommon and is one of the many reasons I remain a devoted Viasox.
   Video By: Shelly Schaeufele

Why I'll Continue to Choose Viasox

I will keep buying from Viasox. These diabetic socks have positively transformed my life. They provide me with the comfort and support that I require, especially during long hours at work where standing or walking is involved. They are available in fun patterns, making them a joy to wear, and the lengths and stretch guarantee good fitting every time you put them on. It's encouraging that Viasox greatly helps charities, and the skilled customer service makes every communication enjoyable.

As a teacher who understands what it means to be able to stand and move easily all day long, I cannot say enough good things about Viasox diabetic socks. They have improved my quality of life and made a real difference in how I feel each day. If you want socks that offer comfort, style, and support, go for Viasox.

We’re talking about socks.

Yes, the humble sock has quietly become one of the most upgraded pieces in modern professional wardrobes. More professionals are moving beyond plain, basic socks and choosing styles designed for comfort, breathability, and personality.

If you’ve ever wondered what people are really wearing under their dress shoes these days, the answer might surprise you.

The End of the “Basic Black Sock” Era

For decades, professional dress codes kept socks simple: plain, dark, and forgettable. They were treated as a background item—something you wore because you had to.

But today’s professionals are rethinking that approach.

With longer workdays, busier schedules, and more time spent on the move, comfort has become just as important as appearance. People want socks that work as hard as they do, not ones they forget about until the end of the day.

That’s why many professionals are switching to socks designed with thoughtful materials, flexible construction, and modern comfort in mind.

In other words, the days of stiff, generic dress socks are fading fast.

Why Professionals Are Upgrading Their Sock Game

A typical professional day doesn’t just involve sitting at a desk. It often includes commuting, walking between meetings, running errands during lunch breaks, and heading out after work.

Your socks need to handle it all.

Modern sock designs focus on features that make everyday wear feel better, such as:

●      Flexible materials that move with you

●      Breathable fabrics for all-day wear

●      Durable construction that holds its shape

●      Styles that look polished with dress shoes

That combination makes a noticeable difference when your schedule is packed.

The same qualities that help socks perform during a busy workday also make them ideal for everyday life. In fact, the same types of socks professionals wear to the office often work perfectly for active days outside of work too. If you want ideas for those kinds of busy days, check out this helpful guide:
https://viasox.com/blogs/viasox-blog/what-to-wear-on-busy-errand-days-socks-that-keep-up

Because when your socks can keep up with errands, commuting, and long days, they’re ready for the office too.

Comfort Is the New Professional Standard

Today’s workplace style is evolving. While polished appearances still matter, comfort and practicality are becoming equally important.

That’s one reason many professionals are choosing non-binding sock styles designed for a relaxed, comfortable fit around the leg.

Unlike traditional tight dress socks, non-binding designs prioritize flexibility and ease of wear while maintaining a professional look.

If you’re curious about this increasingly popular option, you can explore them here:
https://viasox.com/collections/non-binding-socks

These socks pair well with dress shoes and offer a comfortable fit that lasts throughout long workdays.

And because they come in versatile styles, they can easily transition from office meetings to after-work plans.

Performance Meets Professional Style

Another growing trend in professional wardrobes is performance-inspired socks.

People who spend a lot of time on their feet—whether commuting, presenting, traveling, or attending conferences—often appreciate socks designed with supportive construction and structured materials.

That’s where compression-style socks have gained attention among professionals.

These socks are commonly worn on long travel days, during extended work hours, or when people simply want their clothing to feel supportive and comfortable.

You can explore Viasox’s compression options here:
https://viasox.com/collections/compression-socks

While the design focuses on everyday wearability, they still maintain the polished appearance professionals want under dress shoes.

It’s a great example of how function and style blend in modern work wardrobes.

Style Is Getting More Personality

Another fun shift happening in professional fashion? Socks are no longer expected to disappear.

While classic neutral colors remain popular, many professionals are embracing subtle patterns, modern textures, and refined color choices that add personality to outfits.

A peek of patterned socks beneath tailored trousers can make an outfit feel more interesting without breaking workplace dress codes.

It’s a small detail—but it can say a lot about personal style.

In fact, socks have become one of the easiest ways to add character to professional outfits without changing the overall look.

Think of them as the “secret style layer” of your wardrobe.

The Modern Professional Sock Checklist

If you’re upgrading your sock drawer for work, here are a few things to look for:

Comfortable fit

Socks should feel secure but not restrictive.

Breathable materials

This helps keep things comfortable throughout long workdays.

Versatile style

Choose colors or patterns that pair well with multiple outfits.

Durability

Professional socks should hold their shape and look good after repeated wear.

When you find socks that meet all these criteria, they quickly become one of the most reliable parts of your wardrobe.

Small Details That Make a Big Difference

Professional style is often about the details. Well-polished shoes, a tailored jacket, a good watch—and yes, the right socks. While socks might seem like a small part of the outfit, they play a surprisingly important role in how comfortable and confident you feel throughout the day.

That’s why more professionals are upgrading what they wear under their dress shoes. They’re choosing socks designed with real life in mind: busy schedules, long days, and modern style. And once you experience the difference, those old “basic black socks” might not make it back into your drawer. Start shopping today!

About 12 years ago, Aurelian Briner’s then-girlfriend, now his wife, was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D). It was a lot to get used to, as neither of them had family members with diabetes. They quickly discovered that meals were one of the most challenging aspects of daily management. 

Counting carbs often felt like a lot of guesswork — estimating portion sizes, looking up ingredients, and trying to predict their glucose impact. “One of the main struggles was always around meals,” Briner, 36, recalled recently from his Zurich home as he balanced his infant son on his knee.  

He explained that within the frustration around meals, he began to see an opportunity. He didn’t want dinner to feel like an exhausting set of math problems each evening. He wondered whether he could build something that might reduce that uncertainty.  

The creation of SNAQ

With his background in business and product management, Briner partnered with engineer Nico Previtali to build a solution.  

“When we set out, we thought, ‘There’s got to be better solutions, or at least it’s a problem worth working on,’” Briner recalled. “We believe that there’s a lot of opportunity in managing meals better with diabetes — not just T1D, but diabetes in general and overall health. So much depends on what we eat.”

The result was SNAQ, an app that allows users to photograph their meals to estimate carbohydrates and other macronutrients, then connect that data to CGMs and insulin pumps. The platform even has an AI coach that suggests real-time meal options and alternatives. 

Since launching in the US in 2022, SNAQ has grown to approximately 250,000 users. Roughly 40% live with T1D and another 40% with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The app’s use continues to expand rapidly, with Briner estimating month-over-month growth of 10% to 20%. 

From Personal Frustration to Product Vision 

SNAQ’s core proposition is simple: Snap a photo of your meal with your mobile phone, and the app automatically identifies the food and calculates its nutritional breakdown (calories, carbohydrates, fat, and protein).  

Then, SNAQ connects it with diabetes-specific data, including glucose readings from continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), insulin pumps, and other activity wearables. “Basically, SNAQ helps you gain insights into which meals worked, and which didn’t,” Briner said, describing it as “a nutritionist in your pocket.” 

The company’s tag line, “No more guesswork around meals,” reflects this concept. 

In a crowded field of nutrition apps, SNAQ has leaned into clinical validation and research from the start. The company has conducted peer-reviewed accuracy studies and randomized controlled trials examining carbohydrate estimation and time-in-range outcomes.  

While many food-tracking apps exist, Briner pointed to the depth of SNAQ’s diabetes-specific integration—and an unusually robust body of clinical evidence supporting it. 

“We’ve done so much clinical work, which, to our knowledge at least, no other apps in that space have,” he said. “Including peer-reviewed accuracy studies and randomized controlled trial evidence of improvements in time-in-range with people with type 1 diabetes. That’s something that builds up over a long time.” 

At the same time, Briner’s careful to clarify the app’s limitations. While SNAQ provides carbohydrate estimates and insights, he emphasized that it’s not approved as an insulin-dosing tool. Because of this, users are encouraged to rely on approved bolus calculators and medical guidance for dosing decisions instead. 

The power of the AI revolution 

Launching a health-tech startup in his late twenties meant navigating more than algorithms. Funding rounds, tight budgets, and high-stakes decisions quickly became part of daily life. What helped Briner, he said, was that the motivation was personal for him, which he saw each evening at his own dinner table. 

“The startup journey is a roller coaster,” Briner said. “Being always able to go back to that initial motivation and being convinced you’re working on something meaningful, that’s what helps you keep on going.” 

Artificial intelligence (AI) has always been a bedrock technology for SNAQ. As AI, especially image recognition technology, has rapidly advanced, so has the app. Such tools have not only made the platform more powerful but also amplified the productivity of SNAQ’s six-person team.  

“The team feels like it’s actually tripled in size, just because we all got more efficient,” he said. The team is spread across Europe, with members in Switzerland, Portugal, Germany, and Denmark. 

A Growing Mission 

Even with the company’s success, Briner sees greater opportunity ahead. His vision extends beyond carb counting. He wants SNAQ to become a digital assistant—one that helps people understand how food affects their individual health.  

“Ultimately, where we want to go is to be a companion to help you manage your nutrition — a nutritionist in your pocket,” he said. This means more users and a broader audience, but a vision that remains centered on everyday mealtime decisions. 

The post A Nutritionist in Your Pocket: How One Family’s T1D Journey Inspired the Creation of SNAQ appeared first on T1D Exchange.

That shift has created a new kind of wardrobe: one that balances professional polish with everyday comfort. And while shirts, shoes, and pants tend to get most of the attention, there’s another piece of the outfit that quietly adapts to every type of workday.

Whether you’re commuting into the office or logging in from home, the right pair of socks can make a noticeable difference in how comfortable—and confident—you feel throughout the day. Let’s take a look at how your sock choices can match your hybrid work lifestyle.

Office Days: Polished, Comfortable, and Ready for Anything

Office days often involve a little bit of everything: commuting, meetings, walking between buildings, grabbing coffee, and possibly heading out for dinner or errands afterward.

That’s why your office socks need to strike a balance between professional style and reliable comfort.

Dress shoes, loafers, or polished sneakers all benefit from socks that:

●      Look clean and professional

●      Feel comfortable throughout a full workday

●      Pair easily with multiple outfits

●      Stay dependable during long hours on your feet

Modern work wardrobes are becoming more flexible, allowing for stylishness without being flashy. Neutral tones, subtle patterns, and classic designs are all great choices for office settings.

If you're building a wardrobe that works effortlessly for both work and everyday life, this guide is a great place to start.

A thoughtfully built sock drawer makes getting dressed easier—and ensures you always have a pair that works with whatever your day brings.

Work-From-Home Days: Comfort Is King

Now let’s talk about the other half of hybrid work: working from home.

While the dress code might be a little more relaxed, comfort becomes even more important when you’re spending hours sitting at your desk, attending virtual meetings, or moving between your workspace and daily tasks around the house.

On work-from-home days, many people prefer socks that feel lighter, softer, and easier to wear throughout the day.

After all, when your office is just a few steps away from your couch or kitchen, your wardrobe should feel comfortable enough to match that environment.

Some of the most popular work-from-home sock features include:

●      Soft materials for everyday wear

●      Flexible construction that moves easily

●      Breathable designs that feel light and relaxed

The goal is simple: socks that feel good from your first morning meeting to your last afternoon email.

Understanding Different Sock Styles

As sock design continues to evolve, professionals now have more options than ever to match different needs and preferences.

For example, some people prefer socks with a relaxed, flexible feel, while others like options designed with more structure and support.

If you're curious about the different types available, this guide breaks things down clearly.

It explains the differences between compression-style socks and EasyStretch™ designs, helping you choose the option that best fits your lifestyle.

Having a few different styles in your sock drawer lets you switch between work-from-home comfort and office-ready style with ease.

Busy Days That Blend Both Worlds

Of course, hybrid work doesn’t always fit into neat categories. Some days start at home and end in the office. Others include midday errands, school pickups, coffee meetings, or quick trips across town.

That’s why versatile socks are becoming a staple for professionals who want their wardrobe to keep up with their schedule.

For people who spend long hours on their feet or moving between locations, compression-style socks are a popular option for busy workdays.

If you want to learn more about how professionals use these socks in their daily routines, this guide dives deeper into the topic. Having versatile sock options means you’re ready for whatever the day throws your way—whether it’s a presentation, a commute, or a spontaneous afternoon walk.

The Hybrid Work Sock Strategy

If hybrid work has taught us anything, it’s that flexibility matters—both in our schedules and our wardrobes.

The best sock strategy is simple: build a collection that covers both sides of your work life.

Your sock drawer might include:

Professional office socks

Perfect for dress shoes and business-casual outfits.

Relaxed everyday socks

Ideal for comfortable work-from-home days.

Versatile performance styles

Great for busy schedules, long days, and active routines.

When you have the right mix, getting dressed for any type of workday becomes effortless.

Upgrade Your Workday Comfort with Viasox

Hybrid work has changed how we live—and what we expect from our everyday clothing.

Today’s professionals want pieces that feel comfortable, look polished, and adapt to their routines. Socks may seem like a small detail, but they play a big role in making your day run more smoothly from start to finish.

That’s exactly why Viasox was created.

From office-ready styles to comfortable everyday options, Viasox socks are designed to fit seamlessly into modern lifestyles. Whether you’re commuting to the office, working from home, or balancing both in the same day, the right socks can make all the difference.

So if you're ready to upgrade your sock drawer, now’s the perfect time.

Explore the full collection at Viasox and discover socks designed for the way you work, move, and live today. Your feet—and your daily routine—will thank you.

By Nadia Al-Samarrie

Part 1 – What Are GLP-1 Medications and Why Everyone’s Talking About Them

Introduction

Every decade or so, a breakthrough reshapes how we understand diabetes. Today that breakthrough is the GLP-1 receptor agonist — a class of medications that helps millions manage blood sugar, reduce weight, and deepen our understanding of how the gut, brain, and metabolism work together.

At Diabetes Health, we’ve been watching the conversation around GLP-1 therapies evolve from clinical possibility to mainstream care. My goal here is to help you understand what these medications do — and how they might fit into your life.

GLP-1 stands for glucagon-like peptide 1, a hormone naturally produced in the gut. After you eat, it tells the pancreas to release insulin, slows stomach emptying, and signals the brain that you’re full. These simple messages—steady blood sugar, calmer digestion, and a sense of satisfaction—form the body’s built-in balance system.

The Medications Behind the Movement

As someone who has covered diabetes care for decades, I’ve seen treatments come and go. What’s different this time is not just the outcome — it’s the mechanism. These medicines partner with your body’s own rhythm.

Several GLP-1 receptor agonists are now approved in the U.S.:

• Exenatide (Byetta®, Bydureon BCise®) — also available as generic exenatide injection (Amneal Pharmaceuticals, approved Nov 2024)

• Liraglutide (Victoza® / Saxenda®) — also available as generic liraglutide injection 18 mg/3 mL (Hikma Pharmaceuticals, approved Dec 2024)

• Dulaglutide (Trulicity®)

• Lixisenatide (Adlyxin®)

• Semaglutide (Ozempic®, Rybelsus®, Wegovy®)

• Combination product: Soliqua® 100/33 (insulin glargine + lixisenatide)

• Dual GLP-1/GIP agonist: Tirzepatide (Mounjaro® / Zepbound®)

Together, these medications are transforming how clinicians treat type 2 diabetes and related metabolic conditions.

How GLP-1 Medications Work

Unlike older diabetes treatments that simply push blood sugar down, GLP-1 medications help the body relearn how to balance itself.
They partner with your own hormones instead of forcing a single response.

• Pancreas: Helps release just the right amount of insulin when blood sugar rises and signals the liver to slow its own glucose production.

• Stomach: Slows how quickly food leaves the stomach, so sugar enters the bloodstream more gradually.

• Brain: Activates regions that make you feel full and satisfied, reducing cravings and overeating.

• Heart & blood vessels: Many patients also see improvements in blood pressure, cholesterol, and overall cardiovascular health.

A 2021 New England Journal of Medicine study found that semaglutide (Ozempic®) lowered average A1C by 1.9 points and produced about a 15 percent weight reduction in participants with diabetes [1].

Beyond glucose control, new research suggests GLP-1 pathways may also calm inflammation and support brain health [2]. Early studies show they help quiet the body’s stress signals and encourage cellular repair — discoveries now being explored for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.

A Balanced View — Benefits and Possible Side Effects

Most people tolerate GLP-1 medications well, but as with any treatment, there are possible downsides.
The most common reactions include nausea, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, and fatigue, especially during dose increases.
Eating smaller meals and starting slowly can help the body adjust.

Rare but serious effects can include pancreatitis, gallbladder inflammation, or kidney strain in susceptible patients.
Because these medications reduce appetite, maintaining muscle and bone strength through protein and resistance exercise is important — particularly for older adults. So far, no direct evidence links GLP-1 use to bone density loss, but long-term studies are ongoing.

When therapy is stopped, some people experience partial weight regain, especially if lifestyle changes aren’t in place. For lasting success, GLP-1 medications work best as part of a comprehensive plan that includes healthy eating, movement, and stress management.

Always discuss individual risks and benefits with your healthcare provider before starting or stopping treatment.

A New Era in Metabolic Medicine

GLP-1 therapies represent more than a way to control blood sugar—they introduce a form of metabolic rehabilitation.
Instead of pushing the body harder, they help it remember its own rhythm of hunger, energy, and recovery.

For people with diabetes, that means fewer highs and lows and better quality of life.
For those watching blood sugar or trying to prevent type 2 diabetes, these discoveries show how daily choices in food, sleep, and stress management influence the same hormonal pathways that GLP-1 medications target.

The Human Side of Science

Behind every prescription is a story: the person who can walk again without fatigue, the patient whose A1C finally stabilizes, or the individual who feels peace with food for the first time in years.

At Diabetes Health, we believe medical progress is most powerful when paired with mindfulness and self-compassion. GLP-1 medications offer hope not only through science but through renewed trust in the body’s capacity to heal and respond to care.

I believe that progress in diabetes care isn’t only about improving numbers — it’s about deepening our self-awareness. As people begin noticing how GLP-1 medications affect their hunger, energy, and mood, they start paying closer attention to their body’s signals. This awareness inspires better questions — not just “What should I eat?” but “How does this choice make me feel?” and “What does my body need right now?”

In many ways, that’s what The GLP-1 Guide: Science, Soul, and the Future of Wellness is all about — using science as a bridge to greater self-understanding, and creating space for people to align medical progress with mindful living.

Editor’s Note — Looking Ahead

This article launches The GLP-1 Guide: Science, Soul, and the Future of Wellness, a continuing series from Diabetes Health examining how these medications are reshaping the conversation around metabolism and mind-body health.

The next installment builds on this foundation and delves into emerging research that is changing the way we think about healing from the inside out. Stay tuned as we explore the science behind this transformation.

You may also be interested in reading The Hidden Link Between Gut Health and Diabetes.

Source

Nature Metabolism

New England Journal of Medicine

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 

The Lancet 

Diabetes Care 

Cell Metabolism 

American Diabetes Association (ADA) 

Cleveland Clinic 

National Institutes of Health (NIH – NIDDK) 

The post Part 1- The GLP-1 Guide: What Are GLP-1 Medications and Why Everyone’s Talking About Them first appeared on Diabetes Health.

The post Part 1- The GLP-1 Guide: What Are GLP-1 Medications and Why Everyone’s Talking About Them appeared first on Diabetes Health.

What Are Diabetic Socks

They’re specially made socks for those with diabetes, which is a condition that can cause a wide range of other illnesses and conditions. These include vascular disease, neuropathy, and infections. These diabetes related issues often occur in the legs, which is where diabetic socks come into play.

The purpose of the socks is to create a slight venous compression, which improves leg blood flow. Diabetic socks use materials that manage moisture to reduce any type of infection, including fungal ones.

Let’s take a closer look at where you can buy them.

Where to Buy Diabetic Socks

You’ll be happy to know that you can get diabetic socks online. That means that you can either go straight to the brand or opt for an online store. Otherwise, there’s always the option of visiting a retail store.

Take a look at all the pros and cons each of these options provides.

1. Directly From the Brand

Going directly to the source is one of the best ways of purchasing any product. The same goes for diabetic socks. Being in direct communication with a brand provides a lot of reassurance. You know there’s customer support tailored specially for the brand’s customers.

Additionally, there’s no intermediary between you and your product, which possibly lowers the product’s price. For example, Viasox offers great quality at an affordable price point because we have cut out the middleman.

2. Online Stores

The primary advantage of buying diabetic socks in an online store is the wide range of available brands. You can seamlessly compare the same product from different brands. But that’s not all. With only a couple of clicks, you get to see the customer’s reviews.

That can significantly help with your research process, as you get a better insight into every product individually.

3. Retail Stores

Going to a retail store is a unique experience where you get to see the physical product. For many people, that’s an essential part of their shopping journey.

Therefore, if you’re looking for diabetic socks, keep in mind that you can get them at big retail chains.

One downside is that this option will take more time than shopping online. While buying directly from a brand or an online store takes minutes, visiting a retail store is an entirely different experience. Besides taking more time to get to and from, it might also be crowded, resulting in long lines.

All of you who are eager to see the product in person before getting it will love the fact that diabetic socks are available in retail stores.

Finding the Best Diabetic Socks

No matter where you’re planning to buy diabetic socks, there are several important factors to consider. 

• Material quality
• Compression
• Comfort
• Toe irritation
• Style

Material quality is vital because you don’t want to end up with socks that will make it hard for your skin to breathe and cause irritation. That’s why you should always opt for higher quality materials, such as natural bamboo fabric.

When it comes to compression, the general rule to follow is opting for not too tight socks. Remember, you are not getting compression socks. You are looking for diabetic socks. There are quite a few differences.

Since you will be wearing these socks all day long, it is good to opt for comfortable ones.

Before you make the final verdict, make sure that the diabetic socks you’re considering are seamless. That way, you’re going to steer clear of any toe irritation and unnecessary toe pressure.

While style is not the primary concern for many people, it’s still essential. That’s where we excel. If you thought that you are doomed to use regular diabetic socks, think again!

How to Know You Have Found the Right Pair?

Even if you do all the research and you think that you’ve made the right call, you’ll only be sure after wearing the socks. The first thing to keep in mind is whether the socks are comfortable for you. Is there enough padding to keep your feet safe?

Is the top non-binding? You should avoid wearing this type of socks, as they unnecessarily squeeze the top of your, reversing the positive effects of diabetic socks. It’s much better to get ones that have a loose-fitting top. You’ll put them on more quickly.

Check whether your legs are dry. It’s one of the most important signs that you’ve chosen the right diabetic socks. Furthermore, that’ll also mean that there’ll be no unpleasant odor after wearing them for hours.

That’s it, answer all of the above questions after wearing the socks, and you’ll know whether you’ve found the perfect ones.

How Much Do Diabetic Socks Cost?

Diabetics socks’ price range will depend on fabric quality. While it is possible to find cheap socks starting from $3, they will lack in quality.

On the other hand, the most expensive pairs are available for over $100.

The best option is to explore different brands and pick one that offers the right value for the price. For example, you could prioritize organic materials for the ultimate comfort for a reasonable price between $10 to $20.

What Sizes Are Available?

We offer socks in M, L, and XL sizes. The main difference in size comes down to whether they’re for male or female customers. Men’s M, L, and XL are for US foot sizes of 6-9, 9-13, and 13-19. Women’s M, L, and XL are for foot sizes of 5-10, 11-15, and 16+.

Before buying diabetic socks, you should check the size chart, as every brand determines sizes differently.

Get Your Viasox Today!

Whether you’re looking for men’s diabetic socks or women’s diabetic socks, you can find stylish ones here. Simply browse our selection of socks, pick the correct size, and leave the rest to us!

Contact us to learn more about our range of products and services.

“I’ve learned a lot of good things about myself. I’m skilled at multitasking. Being a ‘numbers nerd’ is an asset, and I’ve become more aware of the impacts that a diagnosis or medical issue can have on other people,” shared one member of the T1D Exchange Online Community.  

 

“The result: I have more empathy. Learning to adapt to life with T1D made it easier for me to support my partner’s Parkinson’s diagnosis. I’ve also learned how to advocate for myself in the healthcare system — and I share that knowledge. Plus, the demands of T1D have made me more fit and in better shape than most of my friends.” 

Receiving a type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosis is never anyone’s wish. It arrives uninvited, often abruptly, and it’s always life changing. But over time, something surprising can happen. Amid the challenges, many people discover unanticipated growth and positive change. 

I know this not only as someone living with type 1, but also as a parent of a child who was diagnosed at age five. I understand the disrupted sleep, emotional baggage, and the invisible mental load.

And still, I have seen — even amid daily demands — resilience take root. Confidence builds. Empathy deepens. Advocacy sharpens. All the while, quietly shaping who we become. 

Here, we’ll explore those unexpected positives — not to minimize the challenges, but to acknowledge the strength, awareness, and perspective that can emerge from a life touched by type 1 diabetes.   

What research has to say 

Research reflects this same complexity — one of significant burden and meaningful growth. It mirrors what so many in the T1D community already know: both can be true at the same time.

Life with T1D is demanding.  

Studies consistently document the daily disruptions, interrupted sleep, relentless decision-making, financial strain, and the constant vigilance to live safely with T1D.  

The burden is constant. It can affect mental health, relationships, and career paths. It informs healthcare delivery and smarter policy. 

Understanding these realities is essential. And yet, research also shows many of the “positives” people describe are often a built-in response to these very stressors. In other words, growth doesn’t cancel hardship — it grows alongside it.

In a qualitative study, adults with T1D described how their long-term experiences have shaped their perspective. Six key themes emerged. Among them: T1D doesn’t define you. It should not limit your life. Support matters. Education matters. A sense of normalcy matters.

Other research involving adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T2D) suggests that inviting people to reflect on positive experiences may help healthcare providers foster more balanced, supportive conversations.

Another study of health-related quality of life in young adults with T1D shows that quality of life is shaped by more than clinical metrics alone — context, stage of life, and personal meaning all play a role.

Finally, a Swedish study sought to understand the lived experience of adults diagnosed with T1D as children. Participants commonly likened type 1 to a “lifelong journey of personal learning,” in which individuals continually reconstruct what it means to live with chronic disease — ultimately weaving it into a life filled with purpose.

Taken together, the evidence suggests that over time, many people develop perspective, resilience, and self-understanding that might not have emerged otherwise.  

What our community shared 

When we analyzed community members’ responses, clear themes began to emerge. Let’s take a look at what they are. 

T1D Exchange Question of the Day: In what ways has diabetes positively influenced your life?

Healthier habits and self-discipline 

One of the most common responses was centered on healthier lifestyle habits — improved nutrition, consistent exercise, weight management, and reduced alcohol use.  

It’s given me a reason to take care of myself.

 

I’m very health conscious as a result. Much more than most family and friends.

 

Diabetes has taught me about nutrition and making nutritious choices. It’s also encouraged me to exercise.

 

Diabetes has forced me to have a more regimented life when it comes to diet and exercise. I probably wouldn’t be as disciplined without it. People tell me I look 10 years younger than my 58 years. I think a lot of that is attributed to how I take care of myself.

Connections, resilience, and mental strength 

Others described developing resilience, mental toughness, and adaptability over time. Many pointed to stronger self-advocacy skills, greater medical awareness, and meaningful connections within the diabetes community. 

Diabetes has made me a more organized, accountable, responsible person.

 

It’s made me mentally tougher. When someone said, ‘You can’t do that,’ my response became, ‘Oh yeah? Watch me.’

 

It’s helped me become much more resilient in life’s ups and downs.

 

All of the amazing and wonderful people that I’ve met — my tribe! 

 

In so many ways, I cannot even list them. I say I’m a ‘better everything’ because of type 1.

When it’s hard to see the positives 

Not everyone finds it easy — or even possible — to name a silver lining.  

Some respondents shared mixed feelings and acknowledged that finding positives can be difficult.  

For me, it’s hard to find positive ways considering the many doctor appointments and physical effects that I must deal with on a daily basis. What is positive are the many people I have met who have shared words of encouragement and their journey of living with diabetes. For that I am grateful. 

 

It’s hard to say anything positive.

The bottom line 

The challenges of type 1 diabetes are real. They are relentless. But so, too, is the capacity for growth. Sometimes, strength doesn’t arrive despite hardship — it arrives because of it.  

Many people living with T1D can point to greater awareness, resilience, discipline, empathy, and connections that have developed over time. Those qualities don’t erase the burden — but they help broaden the picture.  

The post Finding Strength in the Journey: The Unexpected Upside of Living with Type 1 Diabetes appeared first on T1D Exchange.

By Diabetes Staff

One concept that makes diabetes a bit easier to manage is the “ABC of Diabetes.” Each letter represents an integral part of dealing with the condition:

A = A1c Test: The A1c is the bedrock test for determining how close your diabetes stays to the current ideal blood glucose range of between 6.5 mg/dL and 7.0 mg/dL. It provides a snapshot of your average blood glucose levels over 90 days. (The recently introduced “time in range” test complements the A1c by providing a look at how many times your blood sugar levels were beyond or below the ideal range.)

B = Blood Pressure Control: High blood pressure can be either a precursor to diabetes or a result of diabetes. Uncontrolled blood pressure places undue strain on the cardiovascular system in either case. For people living with diabetes, the condition places one more burden on the body.

Diabetes doctors increasingly recommended that people with diabetes acquire home blood pressure testing kits. Pharmacies offer such kits, which are easy to learn how to use. Since most units record your blood pressure measurements, their data is a big help to your healthcare providers.

C = Cholesterol Control: Millions of people sighed with relief when they learned that not all cholesterol was bad and that there was “good” cholesterol.

However, there is still LDL (low-density lipoproteins). The “bad” cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in arteries and increase the danger of heart attack or other cardiovascular problems. This is especially true for people with diabetes whose condition can already pose risks to the heart from inflammation of the body in general.

Keeping this “ABC” in mind makes it easier to remember some essential components of effective diabetes management. 

Source:

National Institutes of Health 

The post Diabetes Basics: “Control the ABCs of Diabetes” first appeared on Diabetes Health.

The post Diabetes Basics: “Control the ABCs of Diabetes” appeared first on Diabetes Health.

If you're someone who deals with diabetic neuropathy, you know exactly how debilitating the condition can be and how it can impede you from your day-to-day lifestyle. Diabetic neuropathy occurs due to nerve damage caused by high blood sugar (glucose) in the bloodstream. If left unchecked, this nerve damage can cause excruciating pain, most often in the legs and feet. 

We probably don't need to get into how consistent pain in your legs and feet can negatively impact your life. However, if you are dealing with diabetic neuropathy, you may believe the condition can never be reversed. That is not the case! 

This article will outline effective methods for treating and reversing your neuropathy. The goal is to reduce your neuropathy pain to the point where you can enjoy your normal lifestyle again, all in seven days. 

Can Neuropathy Be Reversed? 

Whether or not diabetic neuropathy can be fully cured depends on how long the diabetic neuropathy has gone untreated. Nevertheless, if you take the right steps in treating your neuropathy, it can significantly improve your symptoms and reduce pain to a much more manageable level. 

Can Foot Neuropathy Be Reversed? 

Most people with diabetes who suffer from neuropathy pain feel the pain most in their feet. Diabetic neuropathy foot pain can range from numbness and mild discomfort to throbbing soreness and sharp pain. If you suffer from foot pain due to diabetic neuropathy, there are methods that you can follow to reduce your neuropathic foot pain. 

How To Reverse Neuropathy 

Here are tips on the best ways to reduce diabetic neuropathy and reverse the pain within 7 days. 

• Stop Smoking

While quitting smoking may be challenging, there is an increased risk of neuropathy for those who smoke. When you quit smoking, you help to improve your circulation and reduce pain. 

• Improve Your Diet 

Many people with diabetes know how crucial a balanced diet is for their overall health, and the management of diabetic neuropathy is no different. A balanced diet helps to control your blood sugar, which will help with your diabetic neuropathy as well. 

• Treat Your Pain, Don't Ignore It

Like we said earlier, diabetic neuropathy pain becomes harder and harder to treat the longer it goes unchecked. If you're feeling pain or discomfort that could be due to neuropathy, you should advise your doctor right away. 

• Take Care of Your Feet

It may seem like a no-brainer that taking care of your feet would help with diabetic neuropathy pain, but you'd be surprised at how many people with diabetes neglect to care for their feet—a crucial aspect of managing diabetic neuropathy. This may be the most important method of treating diabetic neuropathy of all the ones we've listed here, which leads us to our next point…

• Wear Diabetic Socks

Investing in a high-quality pair of diabetic socks can reduce and even reverse the pain caused by diabetic neuropathy in your legs and feet. For diabetic socks, we always recommend Viasox non-binding socks. 

Neuropathy Care: How Viasox Can Reverse Your Diabetic Neuropathy Pain 

Unlike other diabetic sock companies, Viasox diabetic socks are thoughtfully designed to include features that specifically help people with diabetes get back on their feet again. 

Viasox non-binding diabetic socks offer: 

1. Bamboo Charcoal Material Construction: People with diabetes are more prone to cuts and abrasions on their feet, increasing the risk of dangerous infections. Because of this, Viasox uses activated charcoal, which is naturally antibacterial. This significantly reduces the risk of infection on your feet. 
2. Stretchy, Non-Binding Fit: Diabetic neuropathy pain is often exacerbated due to poor blood flow in the legs and feet. Viasox features a comfortable, non-binding fit, allowing for greater blood flow to these areas, which helps to keep your feet pain-free. 
3. Triple-Padded Soles: Viasox non-binding socks feature triple-padded soles, allowing you to stay comfortable all day, even if you're on your feet for extended periods.
4. Seamless Toe Construction: Viasox non-binding socks feature a seamless toe design, eliminating irritating seams that can cause friction and blisters. This ensures maximum comfort and protection for sensitive feet, making them ideal for people with diabetes who need to avoid any potential sources of irritation.
5. Plenty of Fun Styles to Choose From: This might be our favorite thing about Viasox. Most diabetic sock companies only offer their socks in boring neutral colors, such as black, grey, and white. At Viasox, we believe that your diabetic socks should be stylish, which is why we offer a wide variety of fun, colorful styles to choose from! 

Conclusion - To Reverse Diabetic Neuropathy, Wear Viasox Today!

Diabetic socks are proven to help with diabetic neuropathy pain, and Viasox is our pick for the best diabetic socks on the market. After 7 days of wearing Viasox non-binding socks, you'll be able to feel the benefits and get back to a pain-free lifestyle you can enjoy! 

And that's not all. With over $442,000 donated so far, we're making a significant impact together! At Viasox, our mission goes beyond selling products; it's about building a community and support system for those living with diabetes. When you wear our socks, you become part of a movement dedicated to tackling diabetes with style and comfort.

Kidney disease is one of the most serious long-term complications of diabetes, yet in its earliest stages it often develops silently. Recognizing the early signs of diabetic kidney disease can help people living with diabetes detect problems sooner and reduce the risk of long-term complications.

Diabetic kidney disease, also called diabetic nephropathy, occurs when prolonged high blood sugar damages the small blood vessels in the kidneys. These tiny filtering units—called nephrons—are responsible for removing waste and excess fluid from the body. When they become damaged, the kidneys may gradually lose their ability to function properly.

Why Early Detection Matters

Kidney damage from diabetes often develops slowly over many years. Because symptoms may not appear right away, routine screening is one of the most important tools for protecting kidney health. Early detection allows doctors to recommend treatments and lifestyle changes that can significantly slow the progression of the disease.

For people living with diabetes, regular monitoring of kidney health should be part of routine medical care.

Early Signs of Diabetic Kidney Disease to Watch For

In the earliest stages, diabetic kidney disease may not cause noticeable symptoms. However, as the condition progresses, some warning signs may begin to appear.

Possible early indicators can include:

• Swelling in the feet, ankles, or hands due to fluid retention
• Increased blood pressure
• Changes in urination patterns
• Fatigue or feeling unusually tired
• Difficulty concentrating

These symptoms can have many causes, but they should always be discussed with a healthcare provider—especially for people living with diabetes.

Tests That Help Detect Kidney Damage

Doctors typically use two routine tests to evaluate kidney health in people with diabetes.

Urine Test (Microalbumin Test)
This test checks for small amounts of protein in the urine, which can be an early sign of kidney damage.

Blood Test (eGFR)
This test measures how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood.

Regular screening helps detect problems long before symptoms appear.

Protecting Your Kidney Health

While diabetic kidney disease is a serious condition, many people can reduce their risk by focusing on healthy habits and proper diabetes management.

Key strategies include:

• Maintaining stable blood sugar levels
• Controlling blood pressure
• Following a balanced diet
• Staying physically active
• Avoiding smoking
• Keeping regular medical appointments

Protecting kidney health is an important part of preventing long-term diabetes complications.

The Bottom Line

Diabetes can affect many organs in the body, and the kidneys are particularly vulnerable to damage from prolonged high blood sugar. The good news is that early detection and proactive care can make a significant difference. By monitoring kidney health and maintaining good diabetes management, many people can help protect their kidneys for years to come.

FAQ

What are the first signs of diabetic kidney disease?

Early signs may include swelling in the feet, increased blood pressure, fatigue, and small amounts of protein in the urine detected through lab tests.

You may also be interested in reading Understanding The Link Between High Blood Sugar and Edema.

Source

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

The post Early Signs of Diabetic Kidney Disease first appeared on Diabetes Health.

The post Early Signs of Diabetic Kidney Disease appeared first on Diabetes Health.

Why do diabetics need special lotion?

One of the most common conditions associated with diabetes is diabetic neuropathy, which can cause you to lose feeling in your hands and feet. This can be dangerous, as numbness and lack of sensation can make it difficult for a person to recognize when their skin has become damaged. Additionally, if you have diabetes, you're also much more likely to get dry skin, as diabetes can disrupt the skin's ability to hold moisture. This can lead to an increased risk of wounds and infection.

Remember, your skin is your largest organ and one of the primary sources of protection from disease. Damaged skin is an easy target for infection and other serious health conditions.

Why is there special lotion for diabetics? The difference between diabetic lotion and regular lotion

Diabetic lotion is one of the best ways you can protect your feet, hands, and the rest of your body from dangerous and damaging skin problems.

While traditional lotions often focus on soothing and smoothing skin, diabetic lotion is specially designed to tackle some of the issues diabetics face in their skincare routines. These include common problems such as poor blood circulation, peripheral neuropathy, dehydrated skin, and more. Many diabetic lotions are specifically formulated to combat these common problems. They're designed to be:

• Antibacterial

  One of the main concerns with diabetic skin is that it is prone to infection. Antibacterial lotions can help minimize this risk.

• Hypoallergenic

  Diabetics may not notice that they're reacting to certain ingredients until it's too late — that's why many diabetic lotions are made with hypoallergenic ingredients. The best diabetic lotions are also often fragrance- and paraben-free.

• Stimulating

  Some common ingredients in the diabetic lotion are included because they help increase circulation and blood supply, thus aiding skin health and regeneration.

• Hydrating and moisturizing

  Because diabetes can destroy the skin's barrier, many diabetic lotions focus on rehydration to help prevent moisture loss.

Diabetic lotion dos and don'ts

• Do keep your skin moist by using diabetic lotion or cream after you wash.
• Don't use lotions that contain lots of perfumes or fragrances, as these can irritate your skin and exacerbate skin problems.
• Don't use lotion between your toes, under your arms, or in any place water can gather. This can encourage bacterial growth.
• Do choose lotions with no alcohol or other product that may dry out your skin.
• Do stop using your lotion if you notice any skin irritation.
• Don't use too much lotion, as this can promote infection.

Just as you should regularly monitor your blood glucose levels at home, you should also regularly check your skin for damage, especially the skin on your feet and hands. Daily self-checkups and regular check-ups with your healthcare provider are some of the best ways to identify and treat some of the most common diabetic foot problems.

Protect your feet with a well-designed treatment plan

Just as moisturizing with the proper lotion should be part of your diabetic treatment plan, diabetic socks are also a must-have to protect your skin from damage. Here at Viasox, we stock a large collection of fancy non-binding diabetic socks and compression socks to help ensure that your feet are safe, comfortable, and protected.

Some days aren't workouts — but they sure feel like one.

You start with a quick Target run. Then it's school pickup. Then groceries. Maybe a stop at the pharmacy. Somewhere in between, you're lifting cases of water, walking across parking lots, standing in checkout lines, and unloading bags at home.

By 4 p.m., your feet feel like you ran a marathon — even though you "just ran errands."

On days like that, what you wear matters. And while most people think about shoes first, the real unsung hero of busy errand days?

Your socks.

Let's talk about the styles that actually keep up — especially compression options designed for men and women who are constantly on the move.

Errand Days = Hidden Mileage

We underestimate how physically demanding everyday life can be.

A typical busy day might include:

• Multiple parking lot walks
• Standing in lines
• Carrying grocery bags
• Repeated sitting and standing
• Climbing stairs at home
• Lifting kids, backpacks, or packages

Even if you're not hitting the gym, you're logging serious steps — and your feet, ankles, and calves feel it.

That's where compression socks come in.

Why Compression Makes Sense for Everyday Life

Compression socks aren't just for athletes or long flights anymore. They're increasingly becoming a go-to for daily wear because they provide gentle, graduated support that promotes circulation and helps reduce that heavy, tired feeling.

On errand-heavy days, compression can help:

• Support muscles during constant movement
• Reduce mild swelling from prolonged standing
• Improve overall leg comfort
• Decrease that "dragging feet" feeling by late afternoon

For full-length options designed for both men and women, explore the collection.

The key is choosing compression that feels supportive — not restrictive — so you can move naturally all day long.

The Target Run Test

Let's be honest: a "quick" Target run is never quick.

You walk the entire store (twice). You wait in line. You carry more than you planned. You load the trunk. You unload at home.

That's constant stop-and-go movement — the kind that can make your legs feel fatigued by the time you get home.

Full-length compression socks provide steady support from the ankle to the calf, helping your legs feel energized longer.

Prefer something lighter and lower-profile with sneakers? Ankle compression styles are ideal for warmer weather or more casual outfits.

They provide targeted ankle support without the height of traditional compression socks — perfect for everyday errands and active schedules.

School Pickup, Standing & Waiting

School pickup often means:

• Standing outside
• Waiting in long lines
• Shifting weight from one foot to the other
• Walking back and forth across parking lots

Standing still can actually feel harder than walking. Blood flow slows, feet swell slightly, and discomfort creeps in.

Compression socks help by applying graduated pressure that supports circulation, making those waiting periods more comfortable.

If your day continues into housework or downtime afterward, this blog might also be helpful.

Because sometimes "errand day" turns into "everything day."

Grocery Hauls Are Strength Training (In Disguise)

Carrying grocery bags, pushing heavy carts, unloading, and organizing — it adds up.

And unlike a structured workout, you don't warm up or stretch beforehand. You just go.

Compression socks support your lower legs during lifting and repeated movement, helping reduce that end-of-day soreness.

If you've ever taken off your shoes after a long errand day and felt immediate throbbing or fatigue, you're not alone.

This guide goes deeper into recovery and comfort.

Busy days demand socks that help you finish strong — not collapse onto the couch in discomfort.

What to Look for in Errand-Day Socks

Not all socks are built for high-movement, high-variation days.

Here's what matters most:

1. Graduated Compression

Support should be firm at the ankle and gradually ease up the calf. This helps promote circulation without feeling tight.

2. Breathability

Errand days mean fluctuating environments — car to store to outdoors to home. Breathable fabrics keep feet comfortable throughout.

3. Stay-Put Fit

Slipping or bunching is distracting and uncomfortable. A secure fit means fewer adjustments.

4. Cushioned Comfort

A bit of padding absorbs impact during long stretches of walking.

5. Options for Men & Women

Fit matters. Designed sizing ensures comfort and proper compression placement.

Viasox offers compression styles tailored for real life — not just high-performance athletics — making them ideal for everyday wear.

From Morning Coffee to Evening Cleanup

The best part about compression socks? You don't have to change them halfway through your day.

They transition seamlessly from:

• Morning coffee runs
• Work-from-home breaks
• Afternoon errands
• Evening meal prep
• Light housework

They're versatile enough to support activity — but comfortable enough to wear all day.

That balance is what makes them ideal for lifestyle wear.

Busy Doesn't Have to Mean Uncomfortable

We often accept tired feet and achy legs as part of being productive.

But small upgrades — like the right socks — can dramatically change how you feel by the end of the day.

Instead of:

• Kicking off your shoes in relief
• Elevating your legs immediately
• Feeling drained by 5 p.m.

You can feel supported, steady, and ready to keep going.

Compression socks aren't about intensity. They're about endurance — the kind everyday life demands.

Final Thoughts: Dress for the Day You're Actually Having

You may not be training for a race.

But if your day includes Target runs, school pickup, grocery hauls, and nonstop movement, you are absolutely using your body in meaningful ways.

Dress for that reality.

Choose socks that:

• Support circulation
• Help reduce fatigue
• Keep up with your pace
• Feel good from morning to night

Whether you prefer full-length compression or ankle styles for a lighter feel, upgrading your socks might be the simplest way to improve your busiest days.

Because comfort isn't a luxury — it's what keeps you moving. Start shopping now.

Research shows that just over half of people living with T1D have glucagon readily available, which highlights a clear opportunity to increase its adoption.

So what’s standing in the way? Some common barriers to use include cost, insurance coverage issues, short expiration windows, practicality (such as living alone or having never used it before), and perceived difficulties with administering it.

While more research is needed, addressing these obstacles could help more individuals with T1D have emergency glucagon at the ready. Let’s take a closer look. 

When hypoglycemia becomes an emergency 

Hypoglycemia (glucose < 70 mg/dL) can occur unexpectedly, even overnight. When glucose levels continue to drop into a severe hypoglycemia range (glucose < 54 mg/dL), a person may have a seizure or need the help of others to recover, including glucagon. 

This experience can vary from one person to another.

For those having severe low glucose episodes, fear of hypoglycemia (FOH) can occupy equal amounts of mental space as other serious diabetes-related complications.

How does severe hypoglycemia occur? It can be from simple things. Diabetes math gone wrong (too much insulin on board), technology malfunctions, exercise, and even normal daily activities can all contribute to unexpected severe hypoglycemia. 

How does glucagon work?  

“Glucagon is a medication that can be given to someone who is having a severe hypoglycemic event. That’s when someone’s blood sugar is so low that they pass out (lose consciousness) — or they cannot take things by mouth,” explained Dr. Daniel DeSalvo, MD, a pediatric endocrinologist at Texas Children’s, in a Q&A with T1D Exchange.

“Glucagon can be prescribed in two forms: as an injection or as a medication that’s inhaled through the nose. Both work by helping to mobilize glycogen (glucose) stores in the liver to raise a person’s blood glucose level,” he said. 

What’s more, today’s products are injected subcutaneously — in the same spots you use for insulin. They’re far easier to use than the old-style, unmixed powdered glucagon (in a vial) with sterile water (in a syringe), which challenged even well-trained responders. 

Plus, with pre-mixed autoinjectors, glucagon can be administered in a few simple steps or even given nasally. Let’s look at the details. 

What are the American Diabetes Association (ADA) glucagon recommendations? 

The ADA Standards of Care recommend that glucagon be prescribed to all at-risk individuals, including anyone taking insulin or at high risk of hypoglycemia. 

Alongside this, individuals living with T1D should receive diabetes education on managing and preventing hypoglycemia, as well as training others in their support network on how to use glucagon in an emergency. 

Wanting to learn more from our Online Community, T1D Exchange asked: “Do you have an unexpired emergency glucagon treatment?”  

Here’s what they had to say. 

With nearly half of the respondents lacking unexpired emergency glucagon, we sought to understand more about its accessibility. So we asked those who didn’t have it to share why.

Here are some of the responses we received:

• I have expired Baqsimi on hand. I remain confident that it will work, if needed.
• It costs me over $300 to replace it. It’s too expensive.
• Glucagon is $425 for me on Medicare. It’s cheaper to get an ambulance! I have an expired one that will work if I need it, but I won’t.
• Insurance won’t cover, and it was several hundred dollars.
• I’ve never had a glucagon prescription; luckily, I’ve never needed it in 22 years.
• I’ve been a T1D for 57 years. I’ve not had glucagon on hand in 25+ years. Normal carb/sugary items seem to be okay.

• With the latest monitoring technology, I will probably never need it. I needed it a couple of times in the past, many years ago, and I do have expired glucagon on hand. I do question whether expiration ‘is real,’ since until it is mixed, what is there to expire?
• I’ve been taking insulin since 1981. Glucagon has never been mentioned to me by any medical provider, and I have never asked about it.
• No, I haven’t had glucagon in years. The reason is that every time I had a prescription, the glucagon was never used and expired.
• I have that on my list of questions for my endocrinologist — to renew the prescription for my expired glucagon.

What are the most common barriers to having glucagon?

Responses to our question fell into a handful of clear themes. They include:

• Cost: Many said the high out-of-pocket copay (often $300-$400) makes it unaffordable.
• Insurance hurdles: The lack of coverage and the need for prior authorization of the preferred brand can be a hassle.
• Expired stock: Several individuals reported having old, expired kits and were reluctant to replace them.
• “Never needed it”: Some people report never having needed glucagon for a severe low.
• Confidence in other treatment measures: Some people believe that fast-acting carbs, AID systems, and CGMs render glucagon an unnecessary treatment option.
• Limited T1D education: Some providers have never prescribed glucagon, so individuals are unaware of its importance.
• Unfamiliarity: Certain respondents are unaware of new, ready-to-use options that are easier to give.
• Prescription issues: Several never received a prescription, had an expired one, or were prescribed a non-formulary brand.
• Skepticism about expiration: Many respondents believe that glucagon “stays effective after the expiration date,” and don’t feel the need to replace it.

A common mindset was, “I’ve never needed it in the past  — why would I need it now?” This mentality can be easy to adopt when expensive kits expire and are often discarded unused.

Here’s what you can do instead: Ask your diabetes care team if they would like your expired glucagon for educational purposes. This can be a win-win, especially for children with diabetes. There are so many people to train, and having hands-on experience with it before an emergency happens helps to build confidence and success. 

What if you have insurance but are denied coverage?

If your prescription coverage is denied, stick with it. You have the right to appeal. These steps will help you get life-saving glucagon as a covered pharmacy benefit.

• Talk to your diabetes care team about your situation
• Ask which glucagon is in your insurance plan’s formulary
• Research and ask questions so you understand your rights
• Appeal the decision, include your diagnosis and why glucagon is necessary for your condition
• Have your provider write a letter of medical necessity

Copay cards may help to lower the out-of-pocket cost of glucagon. To get one, visit the manufacturer’s website — such as for the Gvoke HypoPen®, ZEGALOGUE®, or Baqsimi® to see if you qualify.

What if you don’t have insurance?

Without insurance, you’ll want to look into patient assistance programs. These programs can help people get medications for a reduced cost, and sometimes even for free. Again, you’ll want to visit the manufacturer’s website to learn more about the programs they offer.

Wrapping it up

As someone living with T1D and as a parent of a child with T1D, I’ve learned something important: Once you’ve needed glucagon — or given it in a seizure-related emergency for a loved one — you’ll likely have it in your possession forever.

The post What’s Keeping Glucagon Out of Reach for Many with T1D? appeared first on T1D Exchange.

What is Fasting Blood Sugar?

Let's start by understanding Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), also called Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG). It represents the glucose levels in your blood after fasting for at least eight hours, during which only water is permitted. This test serves as a compass, guiding you through the amount of glucose in your bloodstream, and is a widespread tool for detecting diabetes or prediabetes.

Blood samples for this test can be collected at a lab, hospital, or doctor's office. While one method involves drawing blood from your arm's vein, another simpler approach uses a lancet for a finger-stick test.

Non-Diabetic Fasting Blood Sugar Ranges

For individuals not diagnosed with diabetes, the blood sugar chart points to a normal fasting blood sugar range of 70 to 99 mg/dl. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) advises routine screening for type 2 diabetes beginning at age 35, with subsequent screenings every three years if the results are normal.

However, factors such as obesity, family history, gestational diabetes, or belonging to a high-risk race/ethnicity (African American, Latino, Asian American, Pacific Islander, or Native American) warrant earlier and more frequent screenings.

Children and adolescents exhibiting diabetes symptoms or who are overweight with a family history of type 2 diabetes and belong to high-risk ethnic groups should initiate testing at age 10 or the onset of puberty, followed by triennial tests.

Prediabetes surfaces with fasting blood sugar levels ranging from 100 to 125 mg/dl. Characterized by elevated blood sugar levels not quite reaching the diabetes threshold, prediabetes necessitates lifestyle alterations and sometimes medication to mitigate the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.

ADA Recommendations on Fasting Blood Sugar for People with Diabetes

For most non-pregnant adults living with diabetes, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends keeping the fasting blood sugar within the 80 to 130 mg/dl bracket. However, customizing these targets might be necessary, accounting for factors such as the duration of diabetes, age, other health conditions, and more. Liaising with healthcare providers to define your blood sugar goals is crucial.

Healthy Blood Sugar Post-Eating

Non-Diabetic Individuals:

Blood sugar levels from 60-140 mg/dl are typically considered normal post-meal. However, levels between 140 and 199 mg/dl signify prediabetes, whereas levels equal to or exceeding 200 mg/dl can indicate diabetes.

Diabetics:

For most non-pregnant adults with diabetes, the ADA advocates blood sugar levels under 180 mg/dl 1-2 hours after the start of a meal.

A1C

The A1C test, or HbA1C, presents average blood glucose levels over approximately three months. Fasting is not required for this test. However, certain populations may need more accurate results due to factors such as anemia, receiving HIV treatment or people of particular genetic backgrounds.

For individuals without diabetes, a normal A1C level is below 5.7%. Those with levels between 5.7% and 6.4% fall into the prediabetes category.

It's prudent for adults aged 45 and above or younger adults who are overweight with additional risk factors to undergo baseline A1C testing. Subsequent testing every three years is advisable if the results are normal. However, if the results indicate prediabetes, A1C testing should be carried out every one to two years.

A1C is part of the ABCs of diabetes management aimed at preventing complications:

• A: Regular A1C tests.
• B: Maintain blood pressure below 140/90 mm Hg or as advised by your doctor.
• C: Control cholesterol levels.
• S: Refrain from smoking.

Most adults with diabetes should aim for an A1C between 7% and 8%, but individual goals may vary.

Blood Sugar Chart

What Leads to Elevated Blood Sugar Levels?

Various factors can lead to elevated blood sugar levels, known as hyperglycemia. These factors include illness, stress, consuming excess food, or insufficient insulin administration. Persistent hyperglycemia can have detrimental long-term health effects. Symptoms of high blood sugar encompass fatigue, thirst, blurry vision, and frequent urination.

When you're unwell, managing blood sugar can be challenging. If your blood sugar level reaches 240 mg/dL or higher during sickness, it's advisable to check for ketones in your urine with an over-the-counter ketone test kit. Elevated ketones can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis, which necessitates immediate medical attention.

Ketones are substances generated when the body breaks down fat for energy, which occurs when insufficient insulin allows glucose into the cells.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) arises when excessive ketones accumulate in the body. DKA is a severe condition that can lead to coma or death. Indications of DKA include rapid breathing, dry skin, red face, excessive thirst and urination, fruity breath odor, headache, muscle pain, nausea, and abdominal pain. If DKA is suspected, testing for ketones and seeking medical help if they are elevated is essential. DKA is more common in individuals with type 1 diabetes but isn't unheard of in people with type 2 diabetes.

Managing High Blood Sugar: Your healthcare provider can guide you in maintaining blood sugar levels within the desired range. Some strategies include:

• Engage in physical activity, but refrain if ketones are in your urine, which could exacerbate blood sugar levels.
• Adhere to medication schedules and consult your doctor for adjustments if necessary.
• Follow a diabetes-friendly diet and seek advice if it is difficult to maintain.
• Regularly monitor your blood sugar levels, especially when ill.
• Discuss insulin dosage and types with your healthcare provider.

Impact of Carbohydrates on Blood Sugar: Carbohydrates raise blood sugar levels more than proteins or fats. People with diabetes can consume carbohydrates, but the quantity should be monitored. Carb counting is useful in managing blood sugar levels. It's vital to communicate with your healthcare team regarding your carbohydrate intake. Low glycemic index (GI) foods can contribute to better regulation of your blood sugar levels. Monitoring the GI of what you eat can be an additional strategy for managing diabetes and complements carbohydrate counting. Additionally, adopting a diet rich in low-GI foods may assist in shedding extra pounds.

Additional Blood Sugar Management Tips:

• Consume a nutritious diet, including fruits and vegetables.
• Maintain a healthy weight.
• Engage in regular physical activity.
• Monitor blood sugar levels.
• Eat at consistent times and avoid skipping meals.
• Opt for foods low in calories, saturated fat, trans fat, sugars, and salt.
• Keep a log of your food, drinks, and physical activity.
• Choose water over sugary drinks.
• Limit alcohol consumption.
• Opt for fruits as a sweet snack.
• Practice portion control, such as using the plate method.

Remember to consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and information.

ADA's A1C Guidance for Individuals with Diabetes

The ADA recommends an A1C level of less than 7% for most non-pregnant adults with diabetes. However, tailored goals might be necessary. For instance, an A1C target of less than 6.5% might be suitable for individuals with shorter diabetes history, younger age, without heart disease, or those managing type 2 diabetes through lifestyle changes or metformin alone. On the other hand, a target of less than 8% might be more fitting for individuals with a history of severe hypoglycemia, advanced complications, limited life expectancy, or other illnesses. Engaging in dialogue with healthcare providers to establish individualized blood sugar targets is imperative.

For people with diabetes, A1C levels should be monitored two to four times annually.

Blood Sugar Chart: A Recap

The trifecta of fasting blood sugar, 2-hour post-meal blood sugar, and A1C tests play a pivotal role in diagnosing prediabetes and diabetes and gauging how efficiently one's diabetes is managed. Self-diagnosis through home blood glucose meters is not recommended due to the stringent standards and protocols followed by laboratories. Thus, seeking testing at a doctor's office or laboratory is advised.

It is paramount to consult your doctor to understand how frequently tests should be conducted, interpret the results, and define blood sugar and A1C targets.

If your results skew above the "normal" range and you are not previously diagnosed with prediabetes or diabetes, your healthcare provider should recommend additional tests and discuss a treatment plan. This may include lifestyle modifications like weight loss, a balanced diet, wearing diabetic socks and regular physical activity. Starting diabetes medications or insulin might also be necessary. Education on self-monitoring blood sugar through a meter is encouraged to track the effectiveness of your treatment plan.

Role of GI in Blood Sugar Management

The Glycemic Index (GI) is an essential tool, particularly for those managing type 2 diabetes, as it measures the effect of different carbohydrates on blood sugar levels. By understanding the GI of foods, you can make more informed dietary choices to maintain steady glucose levels and avoid significant spikes in blood sugar.

Foods are assigned a GI value, which reflects their potential to raise blood sugar. Those with higher GI values are more likely to cause rapid blood glucose spikes than foods with lower GI values. The article explores how the glycemic index works. It includes charts illustrating carbohydrates with low, moderate, and high GI values, aiding in better meal planning for blood sugar control.

Understanding Glycemic Index

The Glycemic Index (GI) is a system used to classify carbohydrates on a scale from 1 to 100. This scale measures the extent to which these carbohydrates increase blood sugar levels. High-GI foods, such as candies, bread, cakes, and cookies, rapidly increase blood sugar. In contrast, whole foods like unrefined grains, non-starchy vegetables, and fruits usually have a lower GI, meaning they cause a slower and more gradual increase in blood glucose. This slower digestion, absorption, and metabolism of low-GI carbohydrates also means a more moderate rise in insulin levels. Foods rich in fat or protein are generally excluded from this index, as they have little to no significant effect on blood sugar.

Categorizing Foods by Glycemic Index

Food Glycemic Index (GI) is segmented into three distinct ranges, each indicating the potential impact on blood sugar levels. Foods with a low GI cause a minimal increase in blood sugar compared to those with medium or high GI values. The ranges are defined as follows:

• Low GI: 55 or below – These foods have the least impact on blood sugar.
• Medium GI: 56 to 69 – Foods in this range cause a moderate increase in blood sugar.
• High GI: 70 to 100 – These items lead to the most significant blood sugar spikes.

The charts below outline various foods within these low, medium, and high GI categories, utilizing data from the American Diabetes Association. These charts serve as a guide to help identify how different foods might affect blood sugar levels.

Glycemic Index Chart

Measuring Glycemic Index

The development of Glycemic Index (GI) values involved a thorough testing procedure with at least 10 participants for each type of food, as outlined by the University of Sydney's research on the glycemic index.

In these tests, researchers recorded the blood sugar levels of healthy individuals both before and two hours after they consumed 50 grams of carbohydrate-rich test food. The results were plotted on a graph to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) for the glucose response.

The same group consumed 50 grams of pure glucose on a different occasion, serving as the reference food. Researchers then repeated measuring the glucose response AUC two hours post-consumption.

To determine the GI value for each test food, the glucose AUC resulting from the test food was divided by the glucose AUC from the reference food for each individual. The definitive GI value for each food was then established by averaging these calculations from all 10 participants.

Advantages of Glycemic Index Chart for Dietary Planning

The Glycemic Index (GI) offers a valuable framework for making informed food choices, particularly in managing blood sugar levels. By understanding and using the GI, you can enjoy several benefits in your dietary habits:

1. Choosing the right carbohydrates: Utilizing the GI as a guide allows for a more conscious approach to selecting carbohydrates. This awareness helps choose foods better for blood sugar control without drastic restrictions or severe limitations on intake.
2. Natural Shift to Healthier Foods: Aiming for a diet rich in low-GI foods naturally steers you towards healthier options like whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. This shift from high-GI foods, often processed and less nutritious, can significantly improve overall dietary quality.
3. Reduced Reliance on Traditional Dieting Approaches: Adopting a GI-based dietary approach may reduce the need for conventional dieting methods, such as strict calorie counting or strict portion control. By focusing on the quality of carbohydrates rather than quantity alone, a GI-centered diet can be a more intuitive and less restrictive way to manage health and weight.
4. Long-Term Sustainability: By promoting a mindful yet flexible approach to carbohydrate choices, a GI-based diet can be more sustainable over the long term than more restrictive dieting regimes. This sustainable approach can lead to lasting changes in eating habits and better long-term outcomes in blood sugar management and overall health.

The GI provides a practical and effective tool for making healthier food choices, particularly for those looking to manage blood sugar levels. Its emphasis on the quality of carbohydrates rather than just quantity makes it a versatile and sustainable approach to dietary planning.

Limitations of the Glycemic Index in Dietary Assessment

While the Glycemic Index (GI) is a useful tool for understanding how different carbohydrates affect blood sugar levels, it does have certain limitations that can affect its reliability as a sole measure for dietary planning. The primary shortcomings of the GI system include:

1. Exclusivity to Carbohydrate Impact: The GI focuses solely on the carbohydrate content and its impact on blood sugar levels. This narrow focus means it needs to account for the comprehensive nutritional profile of foods.
2. Ignoring Portion Sizes: The GI does not consider the quantity of food consumed. The amount of food eaten can significantly influence the overall impact on blood sugar levels.
3. Overlooking Other Nutritional Components: Essential nutrients such as proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which play crucial roles in overall health, must be factored into the GI value. These nutrients can substantially alter the body's glycemic response to a meal.
4. Not Accounting for Meal Composition: The GI does not consider the combined effects of different food components consumed in a single meal. The presence of other macronutrients like proteins and fats can modify how carbohydrates are metabolized and, subsequently, their effect on blood sugar. For instance, consuming an apple alone may elicit a different glycemic response than eating it with peanut butter. Adding peanut butter, which contains protein and fat, can slow the metabolism of the apple's carbohydrates, leading to a more gradual increase in blood sugar levels.

While the Glycemic Index is a valuable tool for understanding the impact of carbohydrates on blood sugar, it should be used with other nutritional considerations for a more holistic approach to diet and health.

Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load

The Glycemic Index (GI) and Glycemic Load (GL) are complementary measures used to understand a food's impact on blood sugar levels, but they differ in their approach. The Glycemic Index is determined by the blood sugar response to consuming 50 grams of a specific food. In contrast, the Glycemic Load considers the food's actual serving size, providing a more realistic view of its impact on blood sugar.

To calculate the Glycemic Load, the GI value of a food is multiplied by the amount of carbohydrates (in grams) present in a standard serving of that food, and then this product is divided by 100. For instance, an apple with a GI of 40 containing 15 grams of carbohydrates would have a GL of 6 (calculated as 40 multiplied by 15, then divided by 100). This calculation method means that GL considers the quality of the carbohydrate in terms of its GI and the quantity consumed, offering a more holistic perspective on how the food affects blood sugar levels.

Optimal Methods for Evaluating Food's Impact on Blood Sugar

According to the American Diabetes Association, two critical factors largely dictate blood sugar response post-meal: the quantity of carbohydrates consumed and the body's available insulin. These elements should be central in formulating any dietary plan to manage blood sugar levels.

The most effective approach to determine how specific foods influence your blood sugar is through direct monitoring. This can be done by checking your blood sugar level two hours after eating. A continuous glucose monitoring system can offer a more comprehensive understanding of your blood sugar fluctuations throughout the day.

A general guideline for healthy blood sugar levels suggests that, for most individuals, a reading below 180 mg/dL two hours after starting a meal is desirable. However, it's important to remember that ideal blood sugar levels can vary between individuals.

As personal health needs differ, it's always advisable to consult a healthcare provider to determine your specific blood sugar goals. This personalized approach ensures your dietary plan is tailored to your unique health requirements and aligns with professional medical advice.

A Word From Viasox

Managing blood sugar levels effectively goes beyond tracking foods' Glycemic Index (GI). Integrating this with carbohydrate counting, balanced dieting, portion control, regular exercise, and proper foot care is essential. For people with diabetes, using Viasox diabetic socks and compression socks can be particularly beneficial, aiding in circulation and foot protection, thereby complementing your overall diabetes management strategy.

As the weather shifts and heavy layers start coming off, your sock drawer deserves a seasonal reset, too.

If you've been living in thick winter boot socks for months, spring is the perfect time to transition into lighter, more breathable styles — especially ankle silhouettes and flexible, non-binding options that support everyday movement.

Here's how to rotate your socks for the new season (without sacrificing comfort or support).

Step 1: Retire the Heavy Boot Socks (For Now)

Winter socks serve an important purpose: warmth, cushioning, and protection inside boots. But when temperatures rise, those same features can feel bulky, restrictive, and overheated.

Signs it's time to rotate:

• Your feet feel warm or sweaty by mid-day
• Boots have been swapped for sneakers or slip-ons
• You're walking more outdoors
• You're transitioning to lighter spring outfits

Thick socks + warmer weather = unnecessary moisture buildup. And moisture can lead to discomfort, irritation, and friction.

Spring calls for breathability.

Step 2: Transition to Lighter, Lower Profiles

Ankle socks are the natural next step as footwear changes. They pair effortlessly with sneakers, casual shoes, and lighter layers.

If you're deciding between ankle and over-the-calf socks, this guide can help: Ankle Socks or Over-the-Calf Socks: Which Is Better for Daily Wear?

Why ankle styles shine in spring:

• ✔ Improved airflow
• ✔ Less bulk under lighter pants
• ✔ Easier movement
• ✔ Ideal for walking and casual activity

For active days, breathable compression ankle styles provide support without overheating.

Ankle compression socks are especially helpful if you:

• Walk frequently
• Travel
• Stand for long periods
• Experience mild ankle or foot fatigue

They deliver gentle support in a lighter, season-friendly silhouette.

Step 3: Don't Forget Circulation & Comfort

Spring often means more movement — outdoor walks, weekend errands, light workouts.

If you're increasing activity, your socks should keep up.

The key difference between winter socks and spring socks isn't just thickness — it's flexibility and breathability.

This is where non-binding and stretch-friendly designs come in.

Step 4: Refresh with Women's EasyStretch™

As boots go back into storage, comfort should still stay front and center.

Women's EasyStretch™ socks are designed for:

• Flexible comfort
• Gentle, non-binding tops
• Easy on & off wear
• Everyday breathability

They're ideal for women who want softness and stretch without tight elastic marks — especially as we move into lighter clothing and lower sock profiles.

Spring is about ease. Your socks should feel the same way.

Step 5: Store Smart, Wear Smart

Before tucking your winter socks away:

• Wash and fully dry them
• Store in a cool, dry place
• Separate heavy thermal pairs from everyday wear

Then reorganize your drawer so your spring options are front and center.

A simple rotation makes daily dressing easier — and ensures you're wearing socks designed for the season you're actually in.

Why Seasonal Sock Rotation Matters More Than You Think

Rotating your socks isn't just about fashion.

It helps:

• Improve airflow
• Reduce excess moisture
• Support circulation
• Match your activity level
• Increase overall comfort

Spring is about renewal — and sometimes comfort starts with the smallest layers.

Final Thoughts: Lighten Up, Step Forward

Swapping winter boot socks for ankle compression or EasyStretch™ styles isn't just a closet refresh.

It's a comfort upgrade.

As your wardrobe gets lighter, your socks should too — breathable, flexible, and designed to support how you actually move in spring.

Ready to refresh your top drawer?

Start with breathable ankle support and gentle non-binding comfort — and step into the new season feeling lighter from the ground up.

T1D markers can be detected through blood testing years before changes in glucose (blood sugar) occur. This, coupled with treatment options like Teplizumab (TZIELD®) — a 14-day IV infusion that can potentially delay its onset, has improved the appeal of screening. 

While there isn’t a cure for T1D yet, early-stage detection may lead to better health outcomes by decreasing the risk of life-threatening diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), providing families more time to learn and prepare, and a window to access treatment and research opportunities to delay or prevent progression to Stage 3 T1D.  

Navigating these choices often means weighing both practical and emotional factors. “The decision to screen your child is an incredibly personal one, and I think anyone considering it needs to decide for themselves if knowing will empower them, or cause too much worry to be worth it,” said Suzanne McKee, T1D Exchange Director of Marketing — whose daughter lives with T1D and whose son screened positive for Stage 1 T1D about three years ago.  

“For us, especially since there are now treatments that could delay the onset, having this information allows us to learn as much as possible and be proactive — if and when — we start to see the progression from Stage 1 to Stage 2,” she said. 

Ultimately, the chance to detect T1D earlier — and take action — can be a powerful motivator and a decision worth considering, especially given existing treatment options to potentially delay its onset. However, this opportunity comes with uncertainties that can weigh heavily, taking a toll on the emotional health of individuals and their families. Read on to learn more.  

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The discovery that T1D autoantibodies, also known as islet autoantibodies, appear years before T1D symptoms emerge has changed the game for families with a history of T1D. With early interventions potentially delaying its onset, many are opting for screening. However, it’s a complex decision, especially when faced with positive results.  

What is autoantibody testing? 

Autoantibody testing is a simple laboratory blood test or an at-home capillary test that checks for immune proteins (markers) that are mistakenly attacking healthy insulin-producing beta cells.  

With positive results, the goal is to preserve beta cells and delay or prevent the onset of T1D. Receiving results is far from easy, as McKee explains: 

“I started crying when the phone rang, and I saw it was ASK (Autoimmunity Screening for Kids), because I knew a phone call meant a positive screen — otherwise, they would send a letter,” she said.   

“It was an incredibly difficult time for all of us. Knowing the impact T1D has on your child, and then finding out your other kiddo is destined to get it at some point, has a real impact,” explained McKee   

“But over time, the fear has subsided, and we’re focused on catching the transition from Stage 1 to Stage 2 as early as possible, so that we can hopefully delay the onset even longer.” 

While this is a shared experience for families who choose to screen their children, each navigates the emotional impact differently — and their feelings may change over time. What brings some a sense of focus and preparedness may leave others feeling unsettled and overwhelmed.  

“To be honest, the information has made us feel very anxious and scared. The idea of ‘knowledge-as-power’ has left us with more fear than empowerment,” explained J.K., who lives with T1D, along with her oldest daughter. Last year, she learned that her youngest child has multiple T1D autoantibodies, too. “The whole experience is giving us PTSD.”   

Who should be tested?  

ADA and Breakthrough T1D recommend testing for anyone with a relative who lives with the condition. That’s because relatives of those with T1D have a 15 times greater risk than those without.   

With this in mind, it’s important to note that while screening programs currently target individuals who have a relative with T1D (TrialNet) and those who may or may not (ASK), about 90% of newly diagnosed individuals have no family history. As a result, there is a growing advocacy push for T1D screening in the general population. 

For now, testing can be done through a research study or your physician’s office. You can get blood work drawn at an approved lab or use a mail-in test kit, if you meet certain criteria. Check out this Screening Support Guide from Breakthrough T1D with easy-to-follow steps.  

What are the potential benefits of autoantibody testing? 

Early detection may help people stay healthier by decreasing their risk of life-threatening DKA. It also gives families more time to learn about type 1 diabetes, prepare for what’s ahead, and access treatments or research that may delay — or even prevent — the progression to Stage 3 T1D. 

To understand why DKA is a significant concern, it’s important to first know what happens in the body and why prevention matters.  

When the body doesn’t have enough insulin, blood glucose levels can become dangerously high. That’s because without insulin, glucose can’t enter the body’s cells to provide energy. As a result, the body starts breaking down fat for fuel, leading to serious health risks, including dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and a buildup of ketones (acids) in the blood. 

Avoiding DKA is crucial because it can also prevent life-long complications, including memory issues, recurrent episodes of DKA, severe hypoglycemia, and more difficult-to-manage glucose levels. 

Studies show:  

• About 40% of children, 38.5% of youth <20 years old, and between 6% and 21% of adults have DKA at diagnosis.
• DKA rates in children can be reduced from nearly 60% at diagnosis to less than 10% through autoantibody testing and ongoing screening, according to Colorado ASK program data.
• When diagnosed in Stage 1 or 2, the risk of developing DKA at diagnosis for all ages drops to less than 4%, according to TrialNet.
• DKA is more common in children, those uninsured or publicly insured, and in certain racial and ethnic minority groups.

Research highlights that even when a parent or first-degree relative lives with T1D and is vigilant and informed, DKA at diagnosis still occurs at about a rate of 30%. That’s why screening and ongoing monitoring are important. 

With treatment options like Teplizumab and other clinical trials underway to delay the onset of Stage 3 T1D, autoantibody testing and staging can help to improve outcomes for those at risk.  

What are the “Stages” of T1D? 

While T1D often seemed to “occur suddenly,” we now know T1D has three distinct Stages that develop over time. Let’s take a look at what they are. 

Stage 1 T1D:   

Two or more autoantibodies are present  

No blood glucose changes   

No symptoms  

No T1D diagnosis
    

Stage 2 T1D:   

Two or more autoantibodies are present   

Some blood glucose changes on labs  

No symptoms  

No T1D diagnosis 

Stage 3 T1D:   

Two or more autoantibodies are present  

Hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) on labs  

Symptoms are usually present   

Official T1D diagnosis is made  

*If someone tests positive for autoantibodies and is diagnosed with Stage 1 or 2 T1D, their lifetime risk of developing T1D “approaches 100%,” according to TrialNet.  

Receiving test results 

With no autoantibodies detected in the screening results, the risk of developing T1D is relatively low. However, research shows not everyone tests positive for autoantibodies at diagnosis, so it’s not a foolproof indicator.  

With autoantibodies detected in the screening results, you’ll learn about what type(s) of diabetes-related autoantibodies are present. They may order follow-up, confirmatory lab work for autoantibodies, and look for any changes in glucose or insulin production.  

Labwork may include: 

• A1C,  
• fasting glucose, 
• random glucose, 
• oral glucose tolerance, 
• C-peptide, and 
• insulin assay testing 

Together, these results will help determine the stage of T1D and predict risk, which may open the door for treatment and research participation. 

With results in hand, the watching and waiting period can be fraught with anxiety and worry. That’s why it’s essential to receive ongoing support from a team of skilled providers — who will also monitor T1D progression.   

“It took several follow-up phone calls to understand the next steps and probabilities,” explained J.K. “The whole experience has put me into high anxiety, so I am not sure what I am processing correctly.”  

“As of now, I’ve landed on, ‘she is good for now, but could develop type 1 within the year, within 10 years, or never.’ We need to check a random blood sugar and A1C or have her wear a Dexcom CGM every six months.”  

With ongoing screening come newfound stressors and what-ifs, J.K. explains, “Unfortunately for me in this scenario, knowledge is anxiety, and ignorance is bliss.”  

The emotional burden of knowing and waiting  

“For our family, knowing and understanding my son’s risk — while it’s been pretty devastating — has also been empowering,” said McKee. “Since the day my daughter was diagnosed, I’ve worried about his chances of also having T1D, so screening for us just confirmed what I already feared was true.” 

“We visit ASK quarterly. At each visit, they retest autoantibodies, have him put on a CGM for 10 days, and check his A1C. He also periodically does an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT),” she explained. 

In terms of knowing, McKee shared it’s better for her to have the information than to worry about possibilities. “It has also allowed us a lot of time to talk with him about it,” she said.  

“It’s been almost three years now since he screened positive for autoantibodies, and I still feel that we made the right choice for our family. But the quarterly check-ins and additional studies have started to weigh on him a bit, so we’re backing off a little now to ensure the follow-up visits don’t become too much of a burden. “  

J.K. and her family remain grateful for the treatment and research possibilities, but the uncertainties often overshadow them. 

“This process just feels stressful with its tricky ‘window of time.’ We’re grateful there’s now something available to fend it off (since this option didn’t exist for my older daughter or me), but now we’re stuck in this ‘unknown zone’ trying to catch the sweet spot where it can be treated before it is too late. Should we treat her like a diabetic or let her live her carefree life now while she still can?” She asks. 

What support is available for families navigating T1D screening and results? 

When first learning about positive screening results, it can be a significantly stressful time, bringing feelings of shock, grief, anger, guilt, and depression, according to research. 

One study found that 74.4% of parents felt significant levels of anxiety about their child’s T1D risk at their first follow-up. While there are psychosocial support recommendations for those in early Stage 3 T1D, standard recommendations are needed for earlier Stages. 

Routine visits with diabetes specialists and ongoing testing, combined with integrated psychosocial care, are vital to T1D. With more research, similar standards will likely develop for Stages 1 and 2. While support is available, it may vary by program.  

At the Barbara Davis Center, the McKees were offered time to talk to a counselor at the outset but haven’t been since. “However, my son and I both periodically take surveys to check in on mental health burden,” she said. “The BDC also has a number we can call at any time, or during clinic hours, if we have questions or need support.” 

You can find more support here: 

• AsktheExperts: For early T1D answers, guidance, and screening questions, you can email questions@asktheexperts.org or call 303-724-1212
• TrialNet: You can speak with a diabetes expert about screening or your results by calling 1-800-425-8361 or by filling out an online contact form
• Tzield Families: Connect with other families on Facebook 

Wrapping it up 

Type 1 diabetes autoantibody screening has changed how individuals and families understand their T1D risk. While early detection allows time to prepare, seek treatment, and potentially delay its onset, it comes with uncertainties and emotional challenges. Each family has to balance the benefits and stressors of screening to decide what’s best for them.  

Blood tests can identify T1D markers years before glucose changes, and treatments like Teplizumab (TZIELD®) can potentially delay its onset, making screening more attractive than ever.  

Other Related T1D Exchange Articles:  

• Autoantibody Screening for T1D: What is it and Who Should Get it?
• What is the Emotional Impact of Screening for T1D?
• Attitudes and Experience with Autoantibody Screening in T1D
• The Future of T1D Autoantibody Screening 

The post Thinking About Type 1 Diabetes Autoantibody Screening? Here’s What to Consider appeared first on T1D Exchange.

Most men spend time thinking about shirts, shoes, jackets, and watches.

Socks?

They're usually an afterthought — until they're uncomfortable, visible in the wrong way, or completely mismatched with the rest of the outfit.

The truth is, a well-built sock drawer simplifies everything. It removes decision fatigue, improves comfort, and quietly upgrades your entire look.

If you've ever stood in front of your closet wondering which pair actually works with today's outfit, this guide is for you.

Let's simplify it.

Step 1: Start With Function, Not Just Color

Before worrying about patterns or trends, think about how your socks need to perform.

Ask yourself:

• Do you stand for long hours?
• Commute frequently?
• Travel for work?
• Walk a lot during the day?
• Prefer sneakers, dress shoes, or boots?

Your daily movement matters more than you think.

For many men, the foundation of a reliable sock drawer starts with compression — not because it's flashy, but because it works.

Compression socks provide graduated support that helps promote circulation and reduce that heavy, fatigued feeling after long days.

They're ideal for:

• Office professionals who sit and stand throughout the day
• Men on their feet for work
• Frequent travelers
• Weekend errand warriors

When your legs feel better, the rest of the day follows.

Step 2: Build Around Three Core Categories

A streamlined sock drawer doesn't need 40 random pairs. It needs intentional coverage.

Here's a simple structure that works for nearly every man:

1. Everyday Compression (Work & Long Days)

These are your dependable, wear-with-anything socks.

Pair them with:

• Dress shoes
• Loafers
• Casual sneakers
• Slim chinos
• Tailored trousers

Stick with neutral tones like black, navy, gray, or charcoal. They blend seamlessly while providing all-day support.

Compression isn't just practical — it creates a clean silhouette under slim-fit pants without bunching.

2. EasyStretch™ for Casual & Relaxed Days

Not every day requires structured support.

Sometimes you want softness, flexibility, and zero tightness at the top band — especially around the calf.

That's where non-binding styles come in.

Men's EasyStretch™ socks are designed to provide:

• Gentle hold without constriction
• Flexible comfort
• Easy on-and-off wear
• Breathable, everyday performance

These are perfect for:

• Casual Fridays
• Weekend lounging
• Travel days
• Long drives
• Recovery days

They offer comfort without squeezing — ideal for men who prefer a relaxed feel but still want structure.

3. Low-Profile Options for Sneakers

If you wear athletic or minimalist sneakers frequently, lower-profile socks round out your drawer.

These should:

• Stay in place
• Offer light cushioning
• Complement casual outfits

While full-length styles dominate workwear, having a few shorter options makes warm-weather dressing easier.

Step 3: Match Sock Style to Outfit Intent

Socks don't need to steal attention — but they should support the overall look.

Here's a simple pairing guide:

Business or Smart Casual

• Neutral compression socks
• Minimal texture
• Clean lines
• No excessive branding

Casual Everyday

• EasyStretch™ for relaxed comfort
• Subtle patterns, if desired
• Midweight fabric

Active or Errand Days

• Compression for energy support
• Moisture-wicking materials
• Secure fit

For a deeper dive into choosing socks that align with your personality and wardrobe, check out this guide.

It's not about overthinking — it's about intentional simplicity.

Step 4: Quality Over Quantity

A simplified sock drawer means:

• Fewer mismatched singles
• No stretched-out elastic
• No worn heels
• No slipping ankle cuffs

Instead of constantly replacing cheap pairs, invest in styles designed for structure, comfort, and durability.

Compression maintains its supportive structure.

EasyStretch™ maintains flexibility without digging in.

That consistency reduces frustration — and makes getting dressed easier.

Step 5: Think About Comfort as Part of Style

Men often separate "style" and "comfort."

But they're connected.

If your socks are too tight:

• You adjust them all day.
• They leave marks.
• You feel restricted.

If they're too loose:

• They slide down.
• They bunch.
• They look sloppy.

Well-designed compression and non-binding socks eliminate both problems.

When your base layer feels right, your posture improves. Your stance looks more confident. Your movement feels natural.

That subtle difference shows.

Step 6: Seasonal Rotation Keeps Things Clean

A functional sock drawer also evolves with the seasons.

In colder months:

• Heavier fabrics
• Taller profiles

In warmer months:

• Breathable blends
• Lighter compression
• More low-profile styles

Rotating socks seasonally keeps your drawer organized and prevents overwearing certain pairs.

It also ensures you're always reaching for what actually works.

A Simple Starter Formula

If you want to rebuild your sock drawer from scratch, here's an easy formula:

• 4–6 pairs of neutral compression socks
• 3–4 pairs of EasyStretch™ for relaxed wear
• 2–3 pairs of low-profile sneaker socks

That's it.

You'll be covered for:

• Work
• Travel
• Casual weekends
• Special events
• Active days

No clutter. No guesswork.

Why Socks Matter More Than You Think

Socks are the first thing you put on in the morning.

They sit between you and every step you take.

They influence how your shoes fit, how your legs feel, and how comfortable you are by the end of the day.

When chosen intentionally, they:

• Improve endurance
• Reduce daily fatigue
• Enhance outfit polish
• Simplify decisions

That's not minor. That's foundational.

Final Thoughts: Build Once, Wear Confidently

Men's style doesn't have to be complicated.

A streamlined sock drawer built around compression for performance and EasyStretch™ for comfort gives you versatility without overthinking.

You'll always have:

• A pair that matches
• A pair that supports
• A pair that feels right

And when your foundation works, everything else gets easier.

Because real style isn't about more choices.

It's about better ones.

Click here to read all the 2025 Learning Session abstracts 

The post T1DX-QI 2025 November Learning Session Abstracts appeared first on T1D Exchange.

For those living with type 1 diabetes (T1D), language isn’t just background noise. It’s woven into everyday conversations with family and friends, in classrooms and medical settings, and even in how people think about themselves. Yet it remains an often-overlooked part of life with T1D. 

The words we use to talk about T1D do more than define it — they shape how it’s understood. In turn, influencing perceptions, impacting support, and even affecting how people with T1D view themselves. 

Life with T1D isn’t just about medications, devices, and glucose values — it’s also about the words used to explain and interpret them. That’s why it’s worth asking: How does language shape the way we see — and live with — type 1 diabetes?  

Can small changes in language make a difference for people with T1D? Experts believe they can. Let’s explore what they have to say. 

When words stick 

Every phrase, question, or comment can empower — or frustrate and isolate. The language surrounding T1D shapes perceptions, reinforces stereotypes, and influences how people think about and manage their health. For many, constantly correcting misconceptions is exhausting.  

“The words that I keep seeing and hearing, despite the work so many people are doing, are ‘control’ and ‘compliance or adherence,'” said Jane K. Dickinson, RN, PhD, Program Director and Senior Lecturer at Teachers College, Columbia University. 

“While there are certainly many others, these send messages of ‘you’re doing it wrong’ or ‘just do what I tell you,’ and leave people feeling guilty, ashamed, and confused. This can erode trust in health professionals and diminish self-management behaviors.” 

Susan Guzman, PhD, Director of Clinical Education at the Behavioral Diabetes Institute, agrees.  

“I strongly believe that the word — and the larger concept of ‘control’ — is the most damaging to people with diabetes,” she said. “It sets an unachievable expectation and is laden with blame and judgment.”  

“You can’t ‘control’ diabetes when all the factors that impact blood glucose aren’t fully within a person’s awareness or influence,” she said. “People manage diabetes by constantly making decisions — they don’t ‘control’ it. And, when a person is not ‘in control,’ what does that imply about them?   

“I have heard far too many people struggling to reach glucose targets say they’re a ‘bad diabetic.’” But here’s the thing: “Elevated glucose is not a character flaw.” 

What does the research say?  

A study by Dickinson, Guzman, and colleagues explored how negative language affects people with diabetes. About half of those who participated live with T1D, and the other half with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Researchers discovered that respondents experienced strong negative emotions in response to words and phrases they viewed as “judgmental and unhelpful.” 

They reported feeling blamed, misunderstood, hopeless, judged, not motivated, not trusting and not understood in response to the following words and phrases. 

• Noncompliant 

• Unmotivated 

• In denial 

• Preventable 

• Failed 

• Should  

• Uncontrolled 

• What did you do wrong 

• You could end up blind or on dialysis 

These findings confirm that negative language carries emotional consequences and highlights the need for more intentional, nonjudgmental communication.  

Who can benefit from thoughtful language?  

The short answer: everyone.  

Thoughtful, intentional language benefits people with T1D, their family and friends, healthcare providers, educators, and the broader community. The words we use shape understanding, expectations, and support at every level. 

Public understanding starts with how diabetes is talked about

Public narratives around diabetes are powerful. They can blame and shame — or reflect on the reality of managing a complex, ever-changing autoimmune disease. When language acknowledges the daily burden, risks, and need for systemic support, it helps to replace oversimplifications with informed understanding. 

Language awareness helps break stigma and blame 

Many diabetes-related terms carry moral judgment — even when it’s not the intent. Shifting toward neutral, descriptive language can help interrupt cycles of blame and shame. Small changes can have a big impact. 

 Control →  Manage 

Out of control →  Out of target range 

Words affect mental health and self-perception 

Language doesn’t just inform — it’s internalized, often unconsciously. Ongoing exposure to shaming language may increase diabetes distress, shame, and disengagement from care. 

Thoughtful language creates space for understanding 

Diabetes numbers are not a moral reflection of a person. They are fluctuating data points, not evidence of “good” or “bad” behaviors. Rather than being seen as a personal failure, trends may signal a need for adjustments in care. 

 “Good” or “Bad” glucose →  “High,” “Low,” or “Out of Range” glucose 

If labels are part of the problem, what is the alternative? One approach that’s gained support is shifting away from judgmental language and toward the person behind the lifelong condition. 

What is person-first language? 

“Person-first language literally puts the person first,” explained Dickinson.  

“So often in diabetes care, the person gets lost in all the numbers and words. When we put the person first in our messages, we are forced to remember that it’s a person we are working with or talking about — a person who happens to have diabetes.” 

“Putting the person first helps health professionals address the emotional side of diabetes, which is so often overlooked, and humanizes the experience of living with and managing the disease.” 

Dickinson knows this first-hand as an educator, a person living with T1D, and as the lead author of The Use of Language in Diabetes Care and Education, co-authored with Susan Guzman and integrated into the American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Care in Diabetes.  

At its core, this approach emphasizes neutral, nonjudgmental, person-first language that reduces shame and fear. But it’s about more than swapping words. 

“Person-first language is meant to recognize that no one is a disease or condition,” she said. It recognizes that no one is defined by their diagnosis, “their numbers, glucose outcomes, presence or absence of complications, or a treatment plan,” she explained. 

Understanding person-first language is one thing. Putting it into practice — especially when it comes to labels — is where real change begins. How can we promote person-first language?   

A good place to start is to model it and speak up when we hear someone being defined by labels or misconceptions, said Guzman.  

Small changes that make a big difference 

What can people do in everyday conversations? 

“A small change that can make a big difference is to stop labeling people with diabetes,” said Dickinson. Labels, she explained, are harmful because they communicate stigmatizing messages and can lead others — including health professionals — to form negative assumptions. 

“Labels include ‘diabetic,’ ‘uncontrolled,’ ‘well controlled,’ ‘noncompliant,’ ‘adherent,’ and many more,” she added. “A good starting point is to simply stop using them.” 

At the same time, the issue isn’t always straightforward. “Many with diabetes still describe themselves as ‘diabetic’ and are not bothered or offended by it,” said Guzman, while others strongly prefer not to. That said, not being bothered by a label doesn’t mean person-first language doesn’t matter. 

“People with diabetes have spent decades being called ‘diabetic,’ and are simply used to it,” said Dickinson. “Some may think of it as a badge of honor — many others don’t identify with the label or are even offended by it. Often, people aren’t aware of the stigma attached to the word ‘diabetic,’ and keep using it.” 

“At the very least,” she added, “health professionals can lead by example and use person-first terms, which are not offensive or stigmatizing.” 

But labels aren’t the whole story. Confusion between T1D and T2D also fuels stigma, Guzman said.  

“A common misconception around T1D results from confusion with T2D,” she said. “The stigma applied to all types of diabetes results from myths and misinformation,” such as the idea that diabetes is the result of personal failure. 

This can lead to resentment and blame, even among people with T1D. As Guzman emphasized, “Nobody chooses diabetes.” 

The solution isn’t found in shaming those with T2D, she said. “Appreciating the complexities of both diseases, challenging myths and stereotypes about all types of diabetes, and modeling respectful and factual descriptions is empowering to everyone.” 

Wrapping it up 

At T1D Exchange, we believe the words we choose matter deeply. Using clear, inclusive language breaks down barriers, reduces stigma, and opens the door to better health outcomes. Most importantly, it welcomes more people into a thoughtful, supportive conversation about type 1 diabetes. 

As you reflect on your own experiences, consider: How has T1D-related language shaped your experience? How could choosing more thoughtful language reshape the way you see life with type 1 — and how others see you? 

The post The Language of Type 1 Diabetes: Why Words Matter appeared first on T1D Exchange.

Sweaters go back in the closet. Jackets get lighter. Fabrics soften. Colors brighten.

But there’s one layer many people forget to update:

Your socks.

If you’re still wearing thick, winter-weight pairs into warmer days, you’re likely feeling it — extra warmth, moisture buildup, and that uncomfortable “why are my feet so hot?” moment by mid-afternoon.

Spring and summer call for lighter layers — and that includes breathable socks designed to move with you.

Here’s how to choose the right styles for warmer weather, without sacrificing comfort or support.

Why Breathability Matters More Than You Think

Your feet contain more sweat glands than almost any other part of your body. As temperatures rise, moisture increases — especially if you’re walking, commuting, running errands, or standing for long periods.

When socks trap heat and moisture, you may experience:

• Overheating
• Friction and irritation
• Slipping inside shoes
• End-of-day fatigue

Breathable socks help regulate airflow, wick moisture away from the skin, and maintain a more balanced temperature inside your shoes.

The result? Feet that feel lighter and fresher — even on busy days.

Fabric First: What to Look for in Warm-Weather Socks

Not all socks labeled “lightweight” are actually breathable. The difference comes down to fabric composition and construction.

Here’s what matters:

1. Moisture-Wicking Fibers

Breathable socks pull moisture away from the skin rather than trapping it. This helps prevent that damp, heavy feeling in warmer weather.

2. Lightweight Knit Construction

Thinner weaves allow for airflow without sacrificing structure.

3. Stretch Without Constriction

In warm weather, swelling can occur more easily. Flexible tops prevent digging or tight marks.

4. Targeted Support (Without Bulk)

Supportive zones around the arch or ankle can reduce fatigue — but should feel streamlined, not padded like winter socks.

When fabric and construction work together, you get comfort that lasts all day.

The Case for Ankle Compression in Warmer Months

Compression isn’t just for cold-weather layering or long flights. In fact, ankle compression styles are especially useful during warmer seasons.

Why?

Because warmer days often mean:

• More walking outdoors
• Travel
• Weekend events
• Longer errand lists
• Increased activity

Ankle compression socks offer targeted support around the ankle and foot while keeping the profile low and breathable.

They pair perfectly with:

• Sneakers
• Casual slip-ons
• Activewear
• Cropped pants
• Shorts

Explore breathable ankle compression styles here.

They provide gentle support without the height or added warmth of full-length compression, ideal when you want structure but prefer lighter coverage.

EasyStretch™: Breathable Comfort Without the Squeeze

Warm weather and tight elastic bands don’t mix well.

As temperatures rise, many people notice:

• Sock lines around the calf
• Tightness at the top band
• Mild swelling
• Discomfort when sitting for long periods

That’s where breathable EasyStretch™ socks shine.

Designed with non-binding tops and flexible construction, they offer:

• Gentle hold
• Soft, breathable fabric
• Easy on-and-off wear
• Everyday comfort

Explore the collection here.

These styles are ideal if you want lightness without compression-level pressure, especially for workdays, casual outings, or long stretches of standing.

They’re structured enough to stay in place, but relaxed enough to feel effortless.

When to Choose Ankle Socks vs. Crew Length in Warm Weather

As hemlines rise and shoes get lighter, sock height becomes part of the comfort equation.

For maximum airflow, ankle socks are often the go-to choice. They reduce fabric coverage while maintaining essential cushioning and structure.

Browse breathable ankle styles here.

Ankle socks work well with:

• Athletic shoes
• Casual sneakers
• Everyday summer outfits

Crew-length options, on the other hand, may still be preferred for:

• Work settings
• Added support
• Slightly cooler spring days

The key is choosing breathable materials regardless of height.

Light Layers Start at the Base

We often think about layering in terms of outerwear.

But true comfort starts at the base.

Imagine this:

You’re wearing a lightweight shirt, breathable pants, and flexible sneakers, but thick, winter socks.

It creates an imbalance. Your feet feel warmer than the rest of you. Moisture builds. Comfort drops.

Now imagine:

Breathable ankle compression supports your steps.
Or soft EasyStretch™ socks that flex naturally without digging in.

Everything feels cohesive. Balanced. Seasonal.

Light layers should extend from head to toe.

All-Day Comfort for Real Life

Warm weather doesn’t automatically mean slow days.

You’re still:

• Commuting
• Traveling
• Attending events
• Running errands
• Walking more outdoors

Breathable socks help you stay comfortable throughout it all.

Compression ankle styles support energy and circulation during movement.

EasyStretch™ styles provide relaxed comfort for steady, everyday wear.

Both options reduce the heavy, overheated feeling that thick socks can create in warmer months.

Signs It’s Time to Switch to Lighter Socks

Not sure if it’s time to rotate your drawer?

Here are a few clues:

• Your feet feel warm by mid-morning
• You notice moisture buildup
• You’re choosing sneakers more often than boots
• You’re wearing lighter fabrics overall
• You feel uncomfortable by the end of the day

If your wardrobe has transitioned to spring or summer, your socks should too.

A Simple Warm-Weather Sock Formula

To keep things simple, build your warmer-weather drawer around:

• 3–5 pairs of breathable ankle compression socks
• 3–4 pairs of EasyStretch™ non-binding styles
• A few lightweight ankle socks for casual wear

This gives you options for:

• Active days
• Work
• Travel
• Relaxed weekends

All without excess bulk.

Final Thoughts: Step Into the Season Lightly

Warm-weather dressing is about ease.

Breathable fabrics. Lighter layers. Comfortable movement.

Your socks play a bigger role in that comfort than most people realize.

By choosing breathable ankle compression for support — and EasyStretch™ styles for flexible, non-binding wear — you create a foundation that feels right all day long.

Light layers aren’t just about what people see. They’re about how you feel from the first step in the morning to the last one at night. And when your feet feel light, everything else follows.

Start shopping for all your options with Viasox.

This being the case, perhaps you’ve noticed your diabetes care team increasingly focused on metrics like Time-in-Range (TIR) and Glucose Management Indicator (GMI) — and less on A1C.

Either way, the value of CGMs is indisputable. Users can view real-time and retrospective data to gain a clearer picture of their overall day-to-day.

Unlike a single A1C number, which reflects average glucose values over the past 90 days, with CGM data, you can adjust the viewing window — zoom in and out — identify patterns, and see percentages of time spent in, above, and below range.

Let’s take a look at the details. 

_____________________________________________

What is “Time-in-Range” (TIR)? 

Time-in Range is exactly what it sounds like: The amount of time you spend in your target glucose range. For most people, that’s typically 70% of the day in a 70-180 mg/dL range. But this may vary depending on the individual.

Beyond the safety mechanisms associated with CGMs, most people appreciate the accessibility of their CGM data and insights. Because of this, we can make timely and informed adjustments to minimize both hypo- and hyperglycemia.

Take this Dexcom G7 report, for example. Even though my average glucose has been fine, I’ve been trending higher between noon and 3 PM lately. After seeing this, I’ve started paying more attention to my habits and pump settings during this time of the day. 

How do I find my Time-in-Range report? 

You can check your CGM data through your device-specific app — each manufacturer has its own. Dexcom users, like me, can also receive a weekly email with their Clarity summary. 

Honestly, this is more helpful than anything. With data right under my nose, I can quickly get an overview of what’s been happening and dig deeper, if needed.

If you enable notifications, here’s the summary you can expect to receive:  

What is an A1C?   

Hemoglobin A1C, or A1C, measures your average glucose over the past few months. 

Here’s how it works: Glucose sticks to red blood cells. The more glucose in your blood, the higher your A1C will be. Since red blood cells live for about 90 days, the test measures glucose over that period of time. 

GMI vs A1C: What’s the difference? 

GMI and A1C are two different metrics that measure glucose levels in the body. GMI is calculated from CGM data, giving a recent snapshot of glucose trends. A1C, on the other hand, is a blood test that provides an average glucose over a longer period.

If you’re finding discrepancies between GMI and A1C, that’s expected, given the difference in what they measure, explained Jennifer Okemah, MS, RDN, CDCES. “GMI data is more heavily weighted over the past two weeks, so it more accurately represents what’s happening right now.” 

“GMI is a snapshot of what we’re working with, given that someone continues with their current patterns,” she said. “The reality is, when someone comes in with an elevated A1C, I’d want to see the latest data (GMI) to understand what’s been happening most recently.”

“That’s why I encourage people to ‘let go of’ a previous A1C,” it reflects what happened months ago. 

Where can I find my GMI? 

Again, pull up your device-specific app. You should find what you’re looking for in the “reports” section and immediately generate a handful of glucose statistics. For Dexcom G7, you can adjust the timeframe you’re interested in, and it will calculate your average glucose and GMI.

Looking Ahead 

A1C testing has been the standard for over 30 years, with research from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) establishing a link between A1C values and microvascular changes in individuals with T1D. A newer consensus statement now provides recommendations for utilizing CGM data to complement A1C in clinical studies. 

Moreover, researchers recently revisited the DCCT with a modern approach, finding that 14-day CGM data predicted microvascular changes similarly to A1C testing.

“A1C doesn’t tell the whole story, and while we’ve always known this, it was our only measurement tool. Now, many clinicians are questioning whether A1C is still necessary,” said Okemah, after attending the ADA 2025 Scientific Sessions. It’s not as telling or dynamic as CGM data.

For now, it’s recommended to evaluate GMI and A1C, but it’s worth noting recent research suggests AI could potentially be used to reduce the discrepancy between GMI and A1C results.  

The post Understanding Time in Range, GMI, and A1C in Type 1 Diabetes appeared first on T1D Exchange.

At Viasox, we design both ankle and over-the-calf socks with all-day comfort, versatility, and real life in mind. Here’s how to choose the sock height that best fits your routine.

TLDR Answers

• Ankle socks are ideal for warm weather, casual outfits, and everyday wear.
• Over-the-calf socks offer full coverage, warmth, and a secure feel for longer days and cooler conditions.
• Both styles are available in compression and EasyStretch™ options, so comfort comes first either way.

Now let’s break it down.

Ankle Socks: Lightweight, Casual, and Easy to Wear

Ankle socks are a daily favorite for a reason. They sit low on the leg, pair easily with sneakers, and feel light and breathable—especially during warmer months.

Why People Choose Ankle Socks

• Minimal coverage with a clean look
• Great for warm weather
• Easy to wear with athletic shoes and casual outfits
• Lightweight feel for everyday movement

Ankle socks are a great choice for:

• Walking and errands
• Light workouts
• Travel days
•  Casual work-from-home routines

Viasox ankle socks are designed to stay in place without slipping or bunching, making them a comfortable option for daily wear. If you like a snug, secure feel during active days, ankle-length compression socks can be a solid addition to your rotation.

Over-the-Calf Socks: Full Coverage & All-Day Comfort

Over-the-calf socks provide coverage from the foot to the leg, creating a smooth, secure feel that many people prefer for longer days.

Why Over-the-Calf Socks Stand Out

• Full coverage and warmth
• Secure fit that stays in place
• Comfortable for extended wear
• Great for cooler weather and long days on your feet

Over-the-calf socks work well for:

• Busy days with lots of standing or walking
• Cooler temperatures
• Lounging at home or traveling
• Outfits with boots, joggers, or casual workwear

For relaxed, pressure-free comfort, many people gravitate toward Viasox non-binding socks in over-the-calf styles. They’re designed to feel soft and comfortable all day—without feeling restrictive.

Style Matters: Choosing Based on Your Look

Sock height isn’t just about comfort—it’s also about style.

• Ankle socks tend to disappear into your outfit, keeping things minimal and clean.
• Over-the-calf socks can be a statement piece or a cozy layering option, depending on color and pattern.

If you enjoy using socks to express your personality, over-the-calf styles offer more room for bold prints and color. For styling inspiration, Men’s Style Upgrade: How to Choose Socks That Match Your Personality, Wardrobe, and Lifestyle offers tips that apply to all genders and everyday wardrobes.

Comfort Comes First: Compression vs. EasyStretch™

Whether you choose ankle or over-the-calf socks, how they feel throughout the day matters most.

Many people rotate between:

• Compression styles for a snug, supportive feel during longer or more active days
• EasyStretch™ or non-binding styles for relaxed, all-day comfort

If you’re deciding what works best for your routine, Socks That Move With You: Choosing Between Compression & EasyStretch™ for Everyday Activities offers a simple, lifestyle-focused breakdown.

You can also explore The Ultimate Guide to Sock Comfort: Compression vs. EasyStretch™ for Every Body to build a sock drawer that works for every kind of day.

Which Sock Height Is Best for Daily Wear?

The honest answer? Most people benefit from having both.

• Choose ankle socks for warm days, casual outfits, and light activity
• Reach for over-the-calf socks when you want warmth, coverage, or all-day comfort

And if your feet feel worn out by the end of the day—no matter which height you choose—The Best Socks for Sore, Tired Feet After a Long Day is an excellent resource for winding down comfortably.

Final Takeaway: Pick the Sock That Fits Your Day

Ankle socks and over-the-calf socks both belong in your everyday rotation. The key is choosing styles that fit your lifestyle, wardrobe, and how you move through the day.

At Viasox, we design socks for men and women who want:

• Everyday comfort
• Thoughtful design
• Versatile style
• Options that adapt to real life

No matter which height you prefer, there’s a Viasox sock designed to move with you—every step of the way.

These “what-if” moments happen more often than you’d think, says Diana Isaacs, PharmD, CDCES at Cleveland Clinic. Here, Isaacs shares practical strategies to keep you safely managing type 1 diabetes (T1D) when supplies run low — or out — whether you’re traveling or at home.   

What are the first steps you recommend when someone realizes they’re running low on insulin? 

[Diana Isaacs]:  

Ideally, there’s already a prescription at the pharmacy, and refilling it is the best option. However, if you’re already on your last vial, you may need changes in the prescription to provide a small buffer for instances like this (more below).

Being proactive with insulin and supplies is a necessary part of managing T1D. By keeping track of your inventory — including the number of refills you have and when they’re refillable — you can avoid the stress of running out. 

Be proactive by asking for increases in amounts of prescribed insulin and refilling your prescription regularly 

Bring extra when you’re traveling, just in case you need more  

I’ve run out of insulin. Can a pharmacist help bridge the gap? 

It depends. 

If someone comes into a pharmacy and says, “I’m all out of insulin. Can I get a vial or pen without going to the ER?” A pharmacist may or may not be able to help, explained Isaacs. Although insulin is a life-sustaining medication, it is a prescription drug, and it has regulations.

[DI]: We can try contacting your prescriber to get a new prescription. If they can’t be reached, in certain circumstances we can provide an emergency supply — and continue to follow up. 

This option is only available in states with laws that allow pharmacists to dispense an emergency supply of insulin, and they must follow up within a week. In this case, pharmacists can give you insulin on the spot.

If it’s after hours — or even the middle of the night — most health systems have an on-call provider you can reach about your prescription. As a pharmacist, I find the trickiest part of these emergent situations is the coverage question: “Will their insurance pay for it?”  

An on-call provider may not be familiar with the nuances of updating the prescription to ensure proper coverage. It’s easier if it’s your usual prescriber, or if you ask the on-call prescriber to update your prescription by increasing the amount you typically receive. This way, you’ll receive more and will be allowed to fill it earlier.

Going through the last vial of insulin every month isn’t ideal. Having a little extra on hand is the safest approach in case something unexpected happens. 

Ask the pharmacist if they can reach out to your prescriber  

Investigate if the state you’re in allows pharmacists to provide a short-term emergency fill of insulin 

Utilize the on-call provider number for urgent prescription needs  

How can I secure a backup of insulin to prevent running out in the future? 

[DI]: If you refill your prescriptions on time, you’ll hopefully have enough and not run out. If you’re running low, it’s best to contact your provider proactively and ask for a new prescription with an increased amount of insulin.

It’s easy to see your total daily insulin use on a pump report. From that, your provider estimates the amount of insulin you’ll need over the course of a month. If something changes and you’re using more insulin, or you were using less during the two-week snapshot they looked at, it’s possible you could run out of insulin early. 

Here’s the thing: Predicting insulin needs is an estimate. This means no one really knows how much you’ll go through in 30 or 90 days, so it’s reasonable to ask for a little extra on your prescription.

Be sure to check expiration dates. That way, you won’t end up discarding expired insulin, and over time, you’ll build a safety buffer of extra pens or vials.

If you’re on a pump, ask for backup insulin in case of pump failure. Then, you’ll have fast-acting and long-acting insulin pens or vials. If needed, you can draw fast-acting insulin from a pen and use it for your pump.  

Ask for a new prescription with an increased amount of insulin and backup insulin in case of pump failure 

Check expiration dates on your insulin to avoid discarding insulin 

Can you explain which insulin formulations are acceptable as short-term replacements and which aren’t? 

There are many types of insulin, which can be confusing. While some are sold over the counter, it’s safest to have your diabetes care team’s support before switching to a new product.

[DI]: You can pick up some insulins, like regular and NPH, at a pharmacy without a prescription. When compared with fast-acting insulins, regular insulin lasts longer in the body, so there’s a greater risk of hypoglycemia.  

Relion brand insulin, for example, costs about $25 a vial and $44 for a pack of pens at Walmart. It’s also sold at other pharmacies, like CVS or Walgreens, though prices may vary.  

Checking GoodRx can help you find the best local price on the insulin you’re looking for — take Humalog, for example.

Generic insulins such as NovoLog and Humalog are available as insulin lispro and insulin aspart. They cost considerably less, but you’ll still need a prescription from an authorized provider.

Fast-acting insulins, such as NovoLog, Humalog, Fiasp, or Lyumjev, are approved for use in insulin pumps and automated insulin delivery (AID) systems. Regular insulin is not. Pump algorithms have not been tested with regular insulin, which lasts longer in the body than fast-acting insulins and increases the risk of low glucose.

Ask about over-the-counter and generic insulin options, as many pharmacies offer more affordable options 

Check with your diabetes care team to confirm the correct dosing before switching insulin types or moving from an insulin pump to injectable insulin  

If a pharmacy can’t help me, should I go to an urgent care or emergency department? 

Yes, time is of the essence. Without insulin, you can quickly develop diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a potentially life-threatening emergency. This may mean a trip to the ER for quick attention and safe care.

[DI]: If you’re not getting the help you need and are out of insulin, getting insulin as quickly as possible is the top priority.   

There are three options: make a telehealth appointment, go to urgent care, or head to an ER for immediate care and a prescription. Having a prescription will generally make insulin (even generics) more affordable, and with commercial insurance, you can use co-pay cards.   

Seek an immediate solution because without insulin, your body can’t use glucose for energy, so it begins to break down fats, causing ketones 

Do I need a prescription for insulin syringes or pen needles? 

[DI]: No. In most places, you can get syringes and pen needles without a prescription. They’re usually available over the counter, but they may be cheaper with a prescription. 

How likely is it that someone in this position could resolve their issues at a pharmacy window? 

[DI]: If you go to the pharmacy that normally fills your insulin prescription, they’ll likely provide an emergency supply. If it’s not your regular pharmacy, and you don’t have a prescription, you may leave empty-handed and be sent to an ER or urgent care, where they can meet your immediate needs.

A second option could be switching to an over-the-counter insulin — if the pharmacy carries them (that’s another potential hiccup).

 Keep in mind: A pharmacist can’t verify that you have diabetes. A prescription is legally required, and there’s no way to bypass that. A pharmacist can’t dispense insulin without one — unless it’s an over-the-counter brand.  

If I’m traveling out of state, can my doctor call in a prescription?

[D.I.]: Usually, yes, as long as you’ve been seen in your home state. Rules may differ by licensure. Meaning physicians can always call in a prescription, but nurse practitioners and physician assistants may have state-specific restrictions.

As a pharmacist, under my collaborative practice agreement, I can send a prescription on behalf of a physician. So, if someone contacts me, I can forward that prescription.

 At chain pharmacies, like Walgreens or CVS, it’s typically easier to have the prescription pulled and transferred to another chain location, making it easy to access your insulin prescription for a refill. 

Are there cost-saving measures or manufacturer coupons to improve affordability? 

Typically, yes. If you’re taking brand-name insulin, check out the manufacturer’s website for coupons that can lower the cost.   

• Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi each have savings programs 

• Co-pay cards can often lower the cost of brand-name insulin to a point that’s cheaper than the generic version 

Remember, manufacturer coupons are mostly for those with commercial insurance or who pay cash. People with government plans, like Medicaid or Medicare, often can’t use them. 

What does it mean when a pharmacy or durable medical equipment (DME) supplier provides a “partial” supply? 

[D.I.]: You may ask for a “partial” supply to hold you over for a particular timeframe, especially if it’s too early to fill the prescription. Then, you can get the full amount later (like when you’re back from vacation).

Getting a “partial” supply can help reduce the out-of-pocket costs compared with using your insurance. 

Ask about receiving a “partial” supply of insulin to tide you over until you can refill or receive an updated prescription 

How can someone coordinate with their provider and insurance to avoid running out of insulin between refills? 

[D.I.]: We get a lot of phone calls about people who are running out early, or they’ve completely run out and didn’t realize it. There are a few barriers, but the goal is to have enough insulin prescribed while avoiding any interruptions in supply.

What I encourage people to do is figure out how much insulin they’re using and advocate for themselves when they see their prescriber, to be sure that they’re getting enough — and a little bit extra. Remember, it’s an estimate, and use varies day to day. Be sure to: 

• Double-check your insulin supply and reach out before you run out 

• Sign up for automated refills to help eliminate time gaps in refilling 

• Ask about shipping insulin to your home 

Keep track and refill by setting reminders or using automatic refill options, which can also help to create a little buffer stock 

Your diabetes care team may know of additional resources where you live. At Cleveland Clinic, our social workers started an emergency insulin program because they were sometimes struggling to find a good solution.

We now have emergency supplies that we can provide while working on a more permanent solution. Blue Circle Health is part of a growing network of states and has been instrumental in issues such as insulin access. We’re fortunate to have them, too.

__________________________________________ 

Diana Isaacs, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP, CDCES, BC-ADM, FADCES, FCCP, is an Endocrine Clinical Pharmacist at the Cleveland Clinic. She advocates access and choice to the latest technologies and therapeutics for all people with diabetes and speaks on diabetes-related topics nationally and internationally. She was the 2020 ADCES Diabetes Care and Education Specialist of the Year. 

The post Out of Insulin? Expert Tips from Diana Isaacs, PharmD appeared first on T1D Exchange.

At Viasox, socks should feel just as good on your couch as they do during a full day on your feet. Designed for both men and women, our socks combine softness, warmth, and thoughtful design—without feeling bulky or restrictive. Let’s take a closer look at how the right pair of Viasox socks can elevate everything from cleaning days to cozy nights in.

Why At-Home Socks Matter More Than You Think

Being at home doesn’t mean being idle. Between standing at the sink, pacing during phone calls, or curling up with a blanket, your feet are constantly adjusting. Socks that pinch, slip, or feel stiff can become an annoyance fast.

That’s why comfort socks for home should focus on:

• Soft, breathable materials
• A secure but gentle fit
• Warmth without overheating
• All-day wearability

Whether you prefer a relaxed fit or supportive compression, Viasox offers options that feel good from morning coffee to movie credits.

Relaxing & Lounging: Socks Made for Doing (Almost) Nothing

Lazy mornings and slow evenings call for socks that feel effortless. Viasox socks are designed to stay in place without digging in, making them perfect for reading, scrolling, or binge-watching your favorite series.

If you love a looser, pressure-free feel, our non-binding socks are a go-to for lounging. They’re soft, cozy, and easy to wear all day—ideal for staying comfortable without feeling confined.

Prefer a sock that feels a bit more secure while still staying cozy? Our compression socks offer a snug, supportive fit that many people enjoy during long stretches of sitting or relaxing at home.

Cleaning Days: Comfort That Keeps Up With You

Let’s be honest—cleaning days can turn into hours on your feet. From vacuuming to folding laundry, you want socks that move with you and don’t bunch up or slide down.

Viasox socks are built to handle light activity while staying comfortable. The materials are soft yet durable, so they don’t lose shape halfway through your to-do list. Plus, their thoughtful fit helps them stay in place as you move from room to room.

If your feet feel worn out after a long day of activity, check out The Best Socks for Sore, Tired Feet After a Long Day for more lifestyle-focused tips on choosing socks that feel good as your day winds down.

Cooking & Hosting: Style Meets Comfort

Cooking at home often means standing for long stretches—chopping, stirring, and moving between counters. Comfort matters, but so does style, especially if you’re hosting or snapping photos for social media.

Viasox socks are designed to look as good as they feel. With a variety of colors and patterns, they’re easy to pair with loungewear, joggers, or even casual outfits when guests drop by.

If you’re curious about how socks can reflect personal style—not just comfort—our blog, Men’s Style Upgrade: How to Choose Socks That Match Your Personality, Wardrobe, and Lifestyle, offers helpful insights for anyone looking to blend comfort with everyday style.

Movie Nights & Wind-Down Time: Cozy Without Compromise

Movie nights are peak sock moments. You want warmth without overheating and softness that lasts through the final scene.

Viasox socks are made with cozy fabrics that feel great against the skin, making them ideal for curling up on the couch or lounging under a blanket. Whether you choose non-binding or compression styles, they’re designed to stay comfortable even after hours of wear.

Which type is right for you? Our guide, The Ultimate Guide to Sock Comfort: Compression vs. EasyStretch™ for Every Body, breaks down different sock styles in an easy, everyday way—no technical jargon required.

One Sock Brand, Every At-Home Moment

From early mornings to late-night movies, the best socks are the ones you don’t have to think about. Viasox socks are designed for real life—soft enough to relax in, supportive enough for daily movement, and stylish enough to feel put-together even at home.

Whether you gravitate toward relaxed, non-binding comfort or prefer the feel of compression, Viasox offers options for men and women who value quality, versatility, and all-day comfort.

Because staying cozy at home shouldn’t mean settling—and your socks should work just as hard (or relax just as well) as you do.

Browse through our newest patterns today!

For Drew Mendelow, receiving a new T1D diagnosis, managing insulin and blood sugars, school, sports, and social life all at once quickly became a heavy burden.  

Unable to find an accessible app to calculate insulin doses, he set out to make one himself. The app, T1D1 (which stands for Type 1 from Day 1), worked so well that he decided to release it publicly so others could use it too. What started as a personal tool quickly gained traction, reaching 45,000 downloads in just six months. He knew he was onto something.  

Despite the initial success, it was dropped by Apple from the App Store because it lacked clearance from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Determined to give others access to the app, Drew worked throughout his high school years, recently winning regulatory approval. Five years on, FDA-cleared T1D1 is back, and Drew, now 18 and a freshman computer science major at Georgia Tech, is working to expand its reach. 

“Whenever some kind of problem happens to me, or I have something that’s kind of giving me a burden, I always look for a solution, and for me that was T1D1,” said Drew, who went on to explain, “When I was diagnosed, I was overwhelmed, so I developed this app. I like having control of my own life. And my mission is to allow others to have the same by removing as many barriers as I can.” 

To that end, Drew said he is committed to keeping his app widely available, simple, and free — with no advertising. The goal, he said, is to help as many people living with T1D as possible.  

From hospital room to App Store 

Drew’s idea for T1D1 began to take shape while he was still at Children’s National Hospital in D.C., near his home in Gaithersburg, Maryland, at the time of his diagnosis. 

“I was thinking, there has to be some kind of app for this already,” he said. 

But everything he found was connected to some type of diabetes device, like an insulin pump or pen — and most had associated fees. “There was really nothing,” he said, and after spending time coding video games the previous summer, he thought, ‘Maybe I could try making this myself.’” 

In the hospital, he joked with his doctor about making an app. “It was a friendly joke, I wasn’t being serious, really,” Drew said with a smile, talking from his Georgia Tech dorm room, recalling that day five years before. “The next day, when I went home from the hospital, I started messing around on my computer, figuring it out, thinking, ‘Yeah, I probably could make this app.’” 

For Drew, his diagnosis came without warning signs. “It was crazy because I felt completely fine,” he said. Seeing his doctor because he had mysteriously lost 10 pounds, he learned his blood sugar was dangerously high and was sent straight to the hospital. 

“After getting diagnosed, those next couple of weeks were a big learning curve for me and my parents, really,” he said. He called his grandmother, who also has T1D, often for advice. “She was super helpful for those first couple of weeks. Still, having school and soccer practice, l had to manage this disease myself. Even if my parents were there to help me, I was pretty independent.” 

And all the while, he was fine-tuning T1D1. “I think developing the app really did help me be more confident and also just kind of cope with the diagnosis itself,” said Drew.  

Just a few weeks in, he had a working version that could calculate and track his insulin needs. “That’s when I thought, ‘Why not release it to the public?’”  

“I know from my experience how overwhelming this was for me. There must be plenty of other teens in the same situation, even adults and younger kids.” So, he uploaded it to the App Store, hoping to fill the gap.  

How does T1D1 work? 

Drew describes the T1D1 app as a simple bolus calculator designed for people on multiple daily injections (MDI). Users enter their blood glucose and carbohydrate intake, and the app calculates an insulin dose based on their personal settings. 

“I know how overwhelming it can be, especially as a teenager. When, for example, I’m in school, and I have to open my phone in the middle of a test, and calculate insulin,” he said.

“T1D1 is there to help manage the burden by calculating how much insulin you need, tracking it very easily, and sending it to your medical providers.”

An important aspect of the app is its shareability, which allows users to log data and provide access to parents, caregivers, and their healthcare team through a shared account.  

T1D1 doesn’t connect directly to CGMs or pumps. Drew’s aim was to keep it simple and accessible, particularly for those newly diagnosed or in need of a backup for pump failure.  

The long road to FDA clearance 

When Apple removed T1D1 from the App Store, it was a blow, Drew recalled. The challenge launched him on a multi-year journey through regulatory hurdles that reshaped the app and tested his entrepreneurial skills. Through networking and innovation competitions, Drew was introduced to supporters who funded and guided him through the FDA approval process, often juggling investor, regulatory, and development calls between his school classes. 

Working with a professional software team to rebuild the app to medical standards, he completed extensive documentation and cleared a costly human factors study with help from Dexcom.  

The T1D1 app received FDA clearance in August 2025, becoming the first free, over-the-counter insulin calculator app for type 1 diabetes in the US, gaining several thousand new downloads in the first few months of its release. 

For Drew, the effort was all-consuming, but he never considered giving up. “This is my product — my baby,” he said. “During the first six months, I saw huge success. I was getting emails daily, even multiple times a day, from people telling me how much the app had helped them.” 

He said the regulatory process not only improved the app, but that FDA clearance was essential for hospitals, educators, and newly diagnosed families who trust and use it. 

A mission rooted in access 

T1D1 is free and ad-free — a decision Drew considers central to his mission of removing barriers, not adding to the existing burden. The goal, he explains, is to remove barriers such as cost, complexity, lack of Wi-Fi access — or limited experience with dosing calculations. 

Stories from users have reinforced that mission. One that stands out to Drew came from a parent who shared that using T1D1 made her feel comfortable with her child staying overnight with grandparents. This is a powerful example of how a simple tool can restore confidence and independence. “That was just heartbreaking for me,” Drew said. “It’s literally allowing families to be together and feel confident together.” 

Looking ahead, Drew hopes to expand T1D1 internationally, particularly in regions where MDI is more common — and access to diabetes care is more limited, such as in India and Pakistan. The app was previously available in 74 countries, and he’s working toward navigating new regulatory pathways and translations to reach users globally again. 

Life with diabetes—and beyond 

Today, Drew uses a Tandem T-Slim with a Dexcom CGM and feels he’s found a rhythm that works, even with the unpredictability of college life and managing T1D1. 

Alongside classes, he’s involved in the Yellowjacket Space Program at Georgia Tech, where he helps launch student-built rockets, and with the school’s iOS Club, where he develops apps as part of a larger team.  

Drew said he loves finding solutions, and T1D1 was born out of that instinct. In a moment of distress after his T1D diagnosis, Drew created a tool that is now helping thousands of people manage T1D with confidence. 

“The main thing I’ve learned about myself is that I really like to solve problems,” he said. “That’s the root of my passion and interest, even outside of the healthcare space, just for computer science in general. I see a problem, and instantly I think, ‘How can I solve this?’ ‘What can I do about it?’” 

The post Drew Mendelow: Teen Creator of T1D1, a Free Insulin Calculator App for T1D Management appeared first on T1D Exchange.

The new food pyramid, likened to an “upside-down pizza slice,” has sparked debate among experts, according to Jennifer Okemah, MS, RDN, CDCES, and owner of Salute Nutrition, who points out that registered dietitians (RDs) haven’t used the pyramid since 2011.  

“We use ‘MyPlate,’ which helps people visualize the ‘real estate’ of foods on a plate. Keep in mind, MyPlate for diabetes has different guidelines, because U.S. dietary recommendations are for the general public.”

“While the American Diabetes Association released a statement saying the new inverted pyramid will help with ‘chronic metabolic conditions like diabetes,'” Okemah disagrees. “The push is on saturated fat, animal proteins, and full-fat options —and there are cardiovascular indications in this population. Plus, it’s sending mixed messages like you need a glass of mile with every meal — and that’s simply not true.”

“The inverted pyramid highlights whole grains and recommends avoiding ultra-processed foods, which we love, but it’s something we’ve always recommended,” she explained.  

“The concern here is the big push on protein. We are not deficient in protein in the U.S.”  

So, what does all this mean for you? In this article, Okemah shares expert insights on protein consumption and debunks common protein myths for our T1D community. Let’s dive in. 

_________________________________________________________________________

What are the dietary guidelines for protein? 

“RDA guidelines for protein in adults were set at 0.8 grams per kilogram (g/kg), and that was to prevent a deficiency. The new dietary guidelines suggest 1.2 to 1.6 g/kg, but that’s not ‘new’ information either,” explained Okemah.

While it is a one-size-fits-all approach, individual needs can vary. Determining your ideal protein intake depends on your personal goals — whether you want to fuel performance for sports, gain muscle, or lose weight, for example. 

 “For most adults, 1.2 g/kg is a good place to start,” she said. “With T1D, your insurance company will likely cover an appointment with a registered dietitian to calculate your macros.” 

 Even with a calculation in hand, the important part is figuring out where you’re getting it from and how you’re implementing that every day (more on this below).  

“Protein is an essential macronutrient, so getting enough supports the immune system,” and that matters “first and foremost” to Okemah.  

Moreover, adequate protein intake is crucial when taking GLP-1 medications, as they’re closely linked to lean tissue and muscle loss. Although GLP-1s aren’t approved for use in T1D, they’re used frequently. 

Protein Myths Debunked: Separating Fact from Fiction in T1D Management 

Let’s clear up some common misconceptions about protein that could be affecting your daily life. Protein does more than build muscle —not all sources are created equal — and yes, protein can impact glucose levels, especially when eaten without carbs. Let’s set the record straight. 

MYTH #1: More Protein Builds More Muscle  

FACT: While protein is essential for muscle growth, consuming more than what your body needs won’t build extra muscle.  

Protein is catabolic (breaks down) and anabolic (rebuilds), meaning it breaks down into amino acids and then helps support your body’s structure, including tissues and muscles, the immune and nervous systems, even bones and blood vessels. The rest is broken down and excreted in urine. 

In simpler terms, Okemah likens protein to a construction site: demolishing a building and rebuilding a new one, with your body breaking down protein and repurposing it for what it needs. 

Unlike excess dietary fat (stored as adipose) and excess carbohydrates (stored as glycogen), amino acids can’t be stored for later use, she explained. Adding, excessive protein intake can be hard on the kidneys, even leading to kidney stones. 

MYTH #2: Protein Doesn’t Raise Blood Glucose 

FACT: Protein can raise glucose levels.  

People often ask Okemah, “Does protein require a bolus?” While it may seem counterintuitive, sometimes it does.  

Here’s how it works. “When carbohydrates are present, protein does not want to convert to glucose because protein is an amino acid ‘bricklayer’ that wants to build tissue. It doesn’t want to create energy.” 

“But if you’re on that construction site and the electricians (carbs) don’t show up and they need the electricity to run all of the equipment, then half of your workers (protein) switch jobs and help make energy instead.”

 “In the absence of carbs, about 50% of protein can be converted into glucose. So, yes, protein can affect glucose,” said Okemah. “The body will convert glucose out of anything it possibly can — it’s been doing that for thousands of years, and it’s what we’re designed to do.” 

However, the conversion from protein or fat to glucose is slow. “So, it doesn’t provide immediate energy for the brain, which is wired for glucose.” In turn, there can be brain fog, confusion, or memory recall issues.

“That’s why when we look at a plate of food, we reach for mashed potatoes first — our brains are wired to crave carbs.” 

MYTH #3: The Best Proteins Come from Animals 

FACT: No single source is the best.  

“All proteins break down into amino acids. There are 20 in total, 9 of which we have to get from food or risk a deficit,” said Okemah. “Both animal protein and soy provide all 9 essential aminos.” 

“While animal proteins are rich in essential amino acids, soy is a complete protein, too. It’s OK if you don’t eat animal proteins — you can eat soy or beans and multigrain or full grains, which are incredibly healthy choices.” 

Let’s simplify how protein works in the body: 

• Dietary protein and peptides (like collagen) break down into individual amino acids, forming the body’s “amino acid pool.”
• Your body draws from this “pool” as needed to build muscle and skin, immune components, enzymes, and hormones.
• Incomplete proteins (missing some essential amino acids) add to the “pool.” Pair them with other protein sources to build a full amino acid profile.
• For example:
  • Corn (low in lysine and tryptophan) + beans (high in lysine, low in methionine) = a complete protein combination. This works even if you eat them at different times. 
• Here’s the thing: Your body prioritizes where it uses amino acids, so taking collagen supplements doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll make more collagen.  

Choosing protein sources: 

This may come as a surprise: Beans are Okemah’s top protein choice for everyone, given their complex carbohydrates and high fiber.  

Otherwise, she advises choosing protein sources with the “fewest legs possible.” Meaning, the fewer the legs it has, the better it’s going to be for you. And it’s an easy thing to remember: Fewer legs = less cholesterol + saturated fat.” 

 Keep in mind, “protein often comes with its ‘best friend’ — fat — which contains twice the calories of protein. If you need it, you need it, but it’s worth paying attention to because even healthy sources of fat are calorie-dense. Plus, with T1D it’s worth keeping an eye on because of its link with heart disease.” 

 Ask yourself, “Do you want those extra calories? Because the overall predictor of how high your blood sugar goes is combined calories.” 

When it comes to hyped-up cottage cheese, Okemah explained, “It’s a high-protein, low-carb choice people either love or hate, but it’s an easy protein to throw in and not have to bolus (or bolus as much) for it.” 

“While I generally recommend the lowest-fat options, that’s not for everyone — especially those who are having a hard time eating (on GLP-1s) or are trying to gain weight. Again, it depends on the goals of the person.” 

 With Greek yogurt, consider the protein-to-carbohydrate ratio. “I don’t just say ‘eat yogurt,’ because they’re all different. Look for at least 12 grams of protein per serving,” she said. “Otherwise, try cottage cheese instead.”  

MYTH #4: When I Finish a Workout, I Need to Have Protein Right Away  

FACT: You don’t need a protein drink immediately after working out if you’ll be eating a meal within the next hour or two. Otherwise, a protein drink is generally fine, depending on its ingredients.  

“When I do recommend supplements, I prefer adding protein powder to chia pudding or a smoothie. Even then, check protein supplement ingredients — they’re all different,” said Okemah. “And whether you need them or not, protein drinks add calories.”  

“For those lacking hunger cues, a liquid protein supplement may help meet their needs — but not in addition to regular meals. Otherwise, it’s just extra calories and stress on the kidneys.”

Different sources of protein digest at different rates. Some proteins, like whey isolate, digest quickly, making a calculated amount ideal for muscle building. While others are moderate or slow digesters, like those containing casein, a protein in cheese and dairy.  

 Choose wisely, cautions Okemah. “Protein supplements are everywhere — even in popcorn. They’re often expensive, processed, and contain incomplete protein sources.”  

MYTH #5: Liquid and Solid Forms of Protein Are the Same 

FACT: Solid and liquid proteins are absorbed and digested at different rates, which can affect your glucose.  

Drinking a protein shake in the morning with no or very low carbs can cause a glycemic excursion, since there are no carbs to protect you from the glucose response. And, it won’t fill you up.  

Solid protein, on the other hand, takes longer to digest and keeps you fuller, longer. 

 Skipping carbs in the morning? You may notice your glucose rising, even with a caffeinated (coffee) or carb-free protein drink. “It’s where a CGM can be a fantastic learning tool,” said Okemah.  

 Try a “science day.” Changing the order of what you eat can lead to different glycemic effects. Think: salad and protein, then carbs.  

MYTH #6: Protein Before Exercise Helps Stabilize Glucose Levels 

FACT: It depends.  

“There are so many variables with exercise,” said Okemah. “When did you last eat? Did you take a full bolus? What kind of exercise will you be doing? How do you take your insulin — by injection or an automated insulin delivery device?” 

If you haven’t eaten much all day, you’ll want some protein with carbs, like peanut butter crackers. Having a healthy focus on protein means making sure you get enough at meals — and from the right sources.  

 If you’re missing an occasional meal, it’s OK to grab a protein bar, just choose one with at least 12 grams of protein. 

 That said, if you find yourself reaching for more protein because you’re hungry and don’t want to affect your glucose, Okemah suggests trying non-starchy vegetables instead. Their high fiber content slows digestion, so they have an even smaller effect on glucose than protein. 

Wrapping it up
 

Finding the right balance of protein is key to T1D health. It’s not just about building muscle; it’s about supporting your whole body. Consider working with a registered dietitian for a personalized plan — your insurance may even cover it! 

The post Protein, Glucose, and T1D: Expert Insights from Jennifer Okemah, MS, RDN appeared first on T1D Exchange.

At Viasox, socks aren’t just an afterthought. They’re a daily choice that can reflect how you’re feeling, how you’re moving, and what kind of day you want to have. Whether you’re drawn to bright patterns, timeless neutrals, or something perfectly in between, there’s a Viasox style that fits your vibe—and your lifestyle.

Let’s break down how to choose socks that match your mood, without overthinking it.

Feeling Bold? Let Viasox Socks Do the Talking

On days when you want to feel energized, creative, or just a little extra, bold sock patterns are an easy win. Bright colors, playful designs, and eye-catching prints can instantly lift an outfit—even if you’re just wearing jeans and a hoodie.

• Bold socks are perfect for:
• Casual workdays
• Running errands
• Social outings
• Days when your outfit needs a pop of personality

Viasox offers a wide range of fun designs that make it easy to show off your style without sacrificing comfort. These socks pair just as well with sneakers as they do with loafers or boots, making them a versatile choice for both men and women.

If you enjoy expressing yourself through what you wear, socks are one of the lowest-commitment, highest-impact ways to do it.

In a Calm or Cozy Mood? Neutrals Never Miss

Some days call for soft tones, minimal patterns, and a relaxed look. Neutral socks—think black, gray, navy, or muted colors—are timeless, easy to style, and perfect for slower-paced days.

Neutral socks are great for:

• Lounging at home
• Travel days
• Busy schedules where simplicity wins
• Pairing with more formal or monochrome outfits

When comfort is your top priority, Viasox non-binding socks are a popular choice. They’re designed to feel soft and comfortable all day, making them ideal for low-key moods and laid-back routines.

Neutrals don’t have to be boring—they’re dependable, versatile, and always in style.

Somewhere in Between? Mix Comfort With Personality

Most days fall somewhere between bold and basic. You might want a subtle pattern, a pop of color, or socks that are practical yet stylish.

That’s where Viasox really shines. With designs that balance personality and everyday wearability, you don’t have to choose between comfort and style—you get both.

If you’re curious about how socks can complement your overall wardrobe, our blog Men’s Style Upgrade: How to Choose Socks That Match Your Personality, Wardrobe, and Lifestyle offers helpful tips that apply to all genders and personal styles.

Matching Socks to Your Activity Level

Mood isn’t just about how you feel—it’s also about how you’re moving that day. Whether you’re on your feet all afternoon or easing into a slower pace, the right sock style can make a noticeable difference in how your day feels.

Many people enjoy switching between:

●  Compression socks for a snug, supportive feel during active or long days

●  Non-binding or EasyStretch™ styles for relaxed, at-home comfort

If you’re deciding what works best for your routine, Socks That Move With You: Choosing Between Compression & EasyStretch™ for Everyday Activities breaks it down in a simple, lifestyle-focused way.

And for days when your feet feel worn out, The Best Socks for Sore, Tired Feet After a Long Day is an excellent read for winding down and choosing socks that feel good at the end of the day.

One Brand, Every Mood — Viasox Compression or EasyStretch™ Has You Covered

The beauty of socks is that you can change them daily—sometimes hourly—depending on how you feel—cozy one moment, bold the next, neutral when you need simplicity.

Viasox designs socks for real life:

• For men and women
• For movement and rest
• For style and comfort
• For moods that change throughout the day

Not sure which direction to go? Our guide, The Ultimate Guide to Sock Comfort: Compression vs. EasyStretch™ for Every Body, can help you explore your options and build a sock drawer that works for every version of you.

Final Thought: Let Your Socks Set the Tone

Your socks don’t have to be an afterthought. They can be a small but powerful way to match your mood, elevate your outfit, and stay comfortable from morning to night.

Whether you’re feeling bold, keeping it neutral, or landing somewhere in between, Viasox has socks that move with you—whatever the day brings.

Because when your socks feel right, everything else tends to fall into place.  Get started here.

Growing up in 

That same year — 1968 — he experienced sudden, dramatic weight loss, dropping from 152 to 107 pounds. One Sunday that spring, when home from church, he remembers eating a large lunch of fried chicken followed by two whole apple pies by himself to the great consternation of his family. “I had all the symptoms,” he recalled, “the weight loss, peeing all of the time, just starving to death.”

The doctor told him he had type 1 diabetes (T1D). With a blood glucose of 812 mg/dL, Guy was told he’d be okay once he was taking insulin, adding that he would likely live to age 40. “I was just glad that they knew what it was,” he said, remembering the relief he felt at the news. “I was so sick, tired, and worn down. When you’re that young, you don’t think about how long you’re going to live.”

In the hospital for two weeks, the endocrinologist recommended he begin exercising. He ran up and down the eight flights of hospital stairs for an hour, followed by 1,000 push-ups and 1,000 sit-ups — every day. His goal was to get back on the field for the next football season.

But the following year, the coach only allowed him to punt, unsure how to manage a player with diabetes. Guy insisted on training with the other running backs, out-practicing them, and in his senior year finally convinced his coach to let him try to carry the ball during a quarter-long exhibition match. He never looked back, scoring two touchdowns and rushing for 150 yards in that one quarter. 

He was strong and fast, and that year ended up leading the state in rushing, gaining an average of 9.7 yards per carry, Guy said. Also, during his senior year, he excelled in track, setting school records in the 100-yard and 200-yard dashes, as well as the long jump. That combination of determination, talent, and perseverance to overcome odds would shape every stage of his life.

Now 73, Dr. Guy Hornsby has lived with T1D for more than five decades. He’s seen the field of diabetes care revolutionized by new technology, advances in medication, and a new generation of groundbreaking scientific research — some of which he has helped shape as a diabetes and exercise researcher and policy advisor.  

A scholar-athlete’s turning point 

After high school, Guy attended the University of South Carolina on a track scholarship, where he lived a dual life as an elite athlete with T1D, managing his training sessions without the aid of modern tools like a continuous glucose monitor. He mostly kept on top of his diabetes care. The scariest episode, he said, was the day after a tough practice when he became hypoglycemic and walked out of his dorm naked and disoriented, eating his roommate’s birthday cake in front of a surprised crowd at a baseball game. The sugar from the cake saved him.

“Well,” he said, matter-of-factly, “when you’re hypoglycemic, you know you have to eat.” He said it was fortunate his roommate had just had a birthday, and his girlfriend had brought him a chocolate cake, which was sitting there on the counter. He laughed, “The cake brought me back.”